Anatomy and Physiology - Energy Metabolism 
Unit 5: Anatomy and Physiology
(P4) Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body
In this task I am going to discuss the three systems involved in energy metabolism in the body.
The chemical equation for cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + O2 = E + CO2 + H2O
OR
Glucose + Oxygen = Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
In order to release energy we need glucose which is a simple carbohydrate that is produced after digestion of food and we also need oxygen. Once the food has been broken down it then needs to be transported throughout the body. For this reason, there are three systems involved in cellular respiration. These three systems are known to be the digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular system.
Energy metabolism is generally defined as “The entirety of an organism 's chemical processes. These chemical processes typically take the form of complex metabolic pathways within the cell, generally categorized as being either catabolic or anabolic. In humans, the study of how energy flows and is processed in the body is termed bioenergetics, and is principally concerned with how macromolecules such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates break down to provide usable energy for growth, repair, and physical activity.” (Gore, 2014)
Digestive System
This system is made up of the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and large intestine. The digestive system is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of food materials. The main source of energy in the human diet comes from carbohydrates. Digestion is the breakdown of food into simple, soluble molecules which can be absorbed by the intestine and into the bloodstream. Enzymes are produced in the body which enable the breakdown of molecules.
Amylase is the type of enzyme that is used to convert starch into glucose so that it can be absorbed. Once the glucose has diffused into the blood stream it is carried to cells to be broken
(P4) Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body
In this task I am going to discuss the three systems involved in energy metabolism in the body.
The chemical equation for cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + O2 = E + CO2 + H2O
OR
Glucose + Oxygen = Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
In order to release energy we need glucose which is a simple carbohydrate that is produced after digestion of food and we also need oxygen. Once the food has been broken down it then needs to be transported throughout the body. For this reason, there are three systems involved in cellular respiration. These three systems are known to be the digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular system.
Energy metabolism is generally defined as “The entirety of an organism 's chemical processes. These chemical processes typically take the form of complex metabolic pathways within the cell, generally categorized as being either catabolic or anabolic. In humans, the study of how energy flows and is processed in the body is termed bioenergetics, and is principally concerned with how macromolecules such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates break down to provide usable energy for growth, repair, and physical activity.” (Gore, 2014)
Digestive System
This system is made up of the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and large intestine. The digestive system is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of food materials. The main source of energy in the human diet comes from carbohydrates. Digestion is the breakdown of food into simple, soluble molecules which can be absorbed by the intestine and into the bloodstream. Enzymes are produced in the body which enable the breakdown of molecules.
Amylase is the type of enzyme that is used to convert starch into glucose so that it can be absorbed. Once the glucose has diffused into the blood stream it is carried to cells to be broken
Bibliography: Gore, J. (2014, November 14). What Is Energy Metabolism? Retrieved from wise geek: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-energy-metabolism.htm Stretch, B. (2010). BTEC Level 3 Health and Social Care Book 1. Pearson Education Limited. Taylor, T. (1999-2014). Cardiovascular System. Retrieved from Inner Body: http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html Taylor, T. (1999-2014). Digestive System. Retrieved from Inner Body: http://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html Taylor, T. (1999-2014). Respiratory System. Retrieved from Inner Body: http://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory