Behaviorism: Social Cognitive Analysis

behaviorism, is the social cognitive (learning/social) perspective. As the behaviorism observe from the environment aspect, the social cognitive focus on one’s mindset as they think and learn from their environment. Therefore, social cognitive theory focuses on the behavior, environment, and the person to determine their personality styles. As the behavioral and social cognitive perspective work together, they focus on the way people control their behavior in different environments that change who they are, personally (Kay, Sullivan, & Landau, 2015). The reciprocal determinism (the person, environment, and the behavior) is conducted by the control of a person and the optimism. Bandura define optimism as the tendency to explain bad events as
There are two common theories that are associated with the trait perspective which are Allport and the “Big- Five Theory” (Cloninger, 2013). Allport conducted three categorized traits such as the cardinal, central, and secondary traits. The central trait is used to describe a particular person. For example, my mother could describe my personality with central traits because she know me well. The secondary trait describes many consistent behaviors within a person, but does not necessarily cause them to have central traits. For example, a person that enjoys salads from different places would show secondary traits and prefer salads from specific places to receive a better taste. The cardinal trait is a personality trait that dominates everything a person does. In regard to personality, Allport analyzed the traits according to how they influenced one’s personality (Lynn & Miller, 2015). On the other hand, the Big Five theory consists of five factors of personality such as openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. These personality factors are used to analyze many individuals by personality tests and self-report questionnaires to determine their personality description. Many structure techniques and assessment are used to determine one’s personality style (Lynn & Miller, 2015). Also, Eysenck’s model included standardized test and
In regard to cultural consideration, every assessment can affect the outcome depending on the individual's age, educational level, and environment. (Rammstedt, Kemper, & Borg, 2013). Some assessments are better and more familiar than others, allowing one to gain a stronger or weaker understanding of the personality type and behavior. Using the major perspectives gave a better understanding of the way one’s personality is determined, according to the heredity (physical appearance once they are born), environment (the culture they are brought up in and the family background tradition), and the situation at hand that changes one’s personality. Basically saying, an individual’s appearance, character, intelligence, and style form their personality