Phd Comprehensive Exam. in Leadership

Comprehensive Examination Written Responses
Presented in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy

by
George E. Anderson III
Leadership
School of Business and Technology
Capella University

QUESTION 1
The mixed method has recently become a popular method of research. Analyze and compare the mixed method, qualitative and quantitative research methods. Evaluate the effectiveness of each as a valid method of research on models of military leadership.

Introduction

The sociological effects discussed by Kuhn (1996) as to the institutionalization of knowledge paradigms, may account for the fact there is a great deal of concurrence as to the nature of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. There seems to be almost universal agreement as to the epistemological and theoretical roots of each methodology. There is however, substantial disagreement as to the appropriateness of one methodology over the other. “The researcher’s view of reality is the cornerstone to all other assumptions, that is, what is assumed here predicates the researcher’s other assumptions” (Holden & Lynch, 2004). Both quantitative and qualitative methodological purists “view their paradigms as the ideal for research” (Johnson & Onwuegbuzie, 2004). While making the case for their chosen style of research, many quantitative and qualitative researchers both implicitly and explicitly argue the inadequacy of research paradigms other than their own. Quantitative research methodology starts with an objectivist epistemological assumption and logically moves through the theoretical perspective of positivism. A positivistic quantitative researcher believes that in the universe “things exist as meaningful entities independently of consciousness and experience” (Crotty, 1998, p. 5). The world view of an objectivist “revolves around the ontological assumption that the social world external, to individual cognition

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