Analysis of Hydrocarbons Myra Gurango‚ Geneva Guy‚ Micah Hernandez* and Joyce Lagarde Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The organic compounds hexane‚ toluene‚ cyclohexene and naphthalene in hexene were subjected to parallel chemical testing to differentiate their intrinsic physical properties in terms of structure and behavior. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. Nitration Testing was conducted for preliminary
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which are Hexane‚ Eugenol‚ Unknown hydrocarbon 1‚ Unknown hydrocarbon 2‚ and Acetylene gas was used for the selective reactivity of hydrocarbons to functional group tests; Bayer’s test‚ Bromine test light‚ Bromine test dark‚ and Tollen’s test. In Bayer’s test‚ only Acetylene‚ Eugenol and Unknown hydrocarbon 2 reacted positively and the rest retain the purplish color of KMnO4. On the other hand‚ the five compounds in Bromine test with light reacted positively. In Bromine test dark‚ Hexane and Unknown
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= 0.1573 g alcoholTheoretical yield = 0.3999 g vanillin x (154.17 g alcohol/152.15 g vanillin) = 0.4052gPercentage yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%= 0.1573 g alcohol/ 0.4052 g alcohol = 38.8%Solvent system chosen = ethyl acetate and hexane in 9:1 ratioMelting point range of alcohol #1 = 108oC -109oCObservationWhen the NaOH was added to the aldehyde #1‚ the solution turned yellowish green. It took 10 minutes for the white solid NaBH4 to completely dissolve in the aldehyde solution. When
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ethanol are given below. a. 5.) You need to perform a recrystallization using a mixed-solvent system. Which of the ff. solvents could not be used as a solvent airs for the experiment? Explain your selection. Hexane and water. A mixed solvent must contain two miscible solvents‚ in which hexane and water are not. 6.) What are the advantages/disadvantages of mixed solvent recrystallization over single solvent recrystallization? Heating is not required when using mixed solvent crystallization‚ but
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is in which way carbon atoms are connected. It can be classified as either a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon or a cyclic hydrocarbon. Chain aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds that are linked either in a single or branched chain. An example of this is hexane (single chain) and 3-methylhexane (branched). Cyclic hydrocarbons have carbon atoms linked in a closed polygon or a ring and an example is a cyclohexane. Another way to classify hydrocarbons depends on the type of bonding that exists between the
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This form can be used for reporting analyses of volatile organic compounds‚ semi-volatile‚ petroleum hydrocarbons‚ PCBs‚ pesticides‚ herbicides‚ and other organics. Page 1 of 3: Analytical Result A. Header Information 1. After "Project No:"‚ enter the client’s project number (from cover page 1). This number is required on every page of the report. 2. After "METHOD"‚ enter the analytical method used. (e.g.‚ EPA 8260‚ or EPA method 8021). 3. After "REPORTING UNIT"‚ enter the appropriate
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First‚ we have our observation of hexane through its boiling ranges‚ which we observed to be around 87 to 89 degrees Celsius. It ranged from about 77 degrees in fraction 1 to about 89 degrees in the fraction 10. Next‚ the toluene stayed relatively the same temperature throughout the first 6 fractions at around 69 degrees and then drastically shot up to 100 degrees by the end of fraction 10. This is due to hexane having a lower boiling point and being able to steadily increase through each fraction
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Pigments were first extracted from tomato paste by a 50/50 mixture of acetone/hexanes; these miscible molecules act together as one organic solvent. Pigments choose the organic layer over the tomato paste with water‚ which allowed for their extraction. K2CO3 is an ionic base that was added to deprotonate the citric acid. The ionic product of the reaction in figure 3 now prefers the aqueous layer‚ which serves to wash the pigments of the acidic impurity. Saturated NaCl pulls any water into the
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Column Chromatography ________________________________________________ You have already performed two chromatography experiments: gas chromatography and thin layer chromatography. All chromatography experiments involve passing a mixture of analytes through a system that includes a mobile phase and a stationary phase. The partitioning of the analytes between these two phases determines the rate at which they pass through the system‚ and (in theory) allows them to be separated from one another. Column
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Fractional Semi-microscale Distillation Separation of Hexane and Toluene. Objective: The main goal of this lab is to learn how separation of binary liquid mixtures is performed. Especially when the two liquids have boiling points varying by about 30° C. Hexane can be separated from toluene in this experiment because of the difference in their boiling points. Since toluene has a higher boiling point‚ it will left at the bottom while the hexane starts to boil out and collect in the Hickman still. GC
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