1. Why Is Cell Differentiation Important In The Formation Of Organ System

1. Why is cell differentiation important in the formation of organ systems?
- When a cell differentiates, it becomes more specialized and it may undertake major changes in its size, shape, metabolic activity, and overall function. Cellular differentiation is important and occurs so cells can specialize for distinct functions, such as an organ system, within an organism. All cells in the body, beginning with a zygote, contain the same DNA then go through cell growth and division, also called mitosis, then become specialized cell types. These specialized cell types are epithelial cell, connective tissue cell, nerve cell and muscle cell which all come together to form tissues. These tissues then come together as a functional unit.
2. Describe how a glucose
molecule is moved from the external environment to the ICF. Use the information provided in lecture.
- A glucose molecule is moved from the external environment to the ICF by attaching itself (ligands) to the active site of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane then undergoes conformation change which then allows the glucose to become detached and released into the internal environment.
3.
What are the components of the Extracellular fluid (ECF) and where are they are found?
- Extracellular fluid serves as the transition between an organisms’ external environment. Extracellular fluid is found outside the cells and has two components. One component of ECF is blood plasma, which is the extracellular fluid inside the blood vessels and second, interstitial fluid which surrounds most of the cells.
4. Why are neurons considered to be excitable cells?
- Neurons are cells that conduct electrical impulses and are considered to be excitable cells due to the fact that they can change voltage across the plasma membrane.
5. List the 3 mechanisms that allow us to regulate homeostasis and provide a brief description of how they work.
- Three mechanisms that allow us to regulate homeostasis are the receptor, the control center and the effector. The receptor receives changes that are happening in the environment then it goes to the control center where it processes the information and finally the effector responds to the commands of the control center and makes changes that are needed. This is process that is always in function to maintain and restore homeostasis.
6. List the characteristics of organ
systems.
- An organ system in a human organism consists of 11 organs that work together to perform one or more functions. The characteristics of these organs are that they are all independent but interconnected with each other. All 11 organs are connected to the external environment and the internal environment.
7. What is the correlation of the function of the Endocrine and Nervous systems?
- The relationship between the function of the endocrine and nervous system is that they both coordinate body functions. The endocrine system coordinates the body function through synthesis and the nervous system coordinates body function through electrical signals while they both release regulatory molecules.
8. What are the components of the internal environment? A list of the organ systems is not the answer.
- The components of the internal environment are organs (11 of them), plasma (extracellular fluid inside blood vessels), interstitial fluid (surrounds the cells) and intracellular fluid (fluid inside cells).
9. Describe in your own words what is a stimulus.
- A stimulus causes an action or response, like the ringing of your alarm clock to wake you up, but in physiology something that causes a reaction in an organ or a cell.
10. Describe in your own words what is your understanding of homeostasis and dynamic constancy.
- My understanding of homeostasis is that it stabilizes and keeps things consistently normal, not set, in the internal environment. While dynamic consistency has maintenance over the normal range.