"War is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength" pg. 14
They are the Party slogans, and are written in big letters on the white pyramid of the Ministry of Truth.
"Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past."
The people controlling the present control everything and can ultimately change the past and, therefore; the future. Big brother controls the present. The slogan is an example of the Party's technique of using false history to deteriorate the psychological independence of its people.
"Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four."
This quote adds to the motif/ theme about psychological freedom and independence.
"In the end the Party would announce that two and two made five, and you would have to believe it. It was inevitable that they should make that claim sooner or later: the logic of their position demanded it. Not merely the validity of experience, but the very existence of external reality was tacitly denied by their philosophy." AND "If both the past and the external world exist only in the mind, and if the mind itself is controllablewhat then?"
Motif- again pointing back to the theme of psychological freedom At the end, Winston writes in the dust the 2 +2= 5. It seems that he believes this which means that the citizens of Oceania are all under the mind control of the Party.
"And when memory failed and written records were falsifiedwhen that happened, the claim of the Party to have improved the conditions of human life had got to be accepted, because there did not exist, and never again could exist, any standard against which it could be tested." Book 1 Ch. VIII
Without having a reference or a past with which to compare standards, for all they know, they are getting more rations. This quote emphasizes how one understands of the past affects one's attitude about the present
"And perhaps you might pretend, afterwards, that it was only a