2014 The Internet of Things vision
Computer Communications 54 (2014) 1–31
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Computer Communications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/comcom
Review
The Internet of Things vision: Key features, applications and open issues
Eleonora Borgia ⇑
Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), Italian National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
a r t i c l e
i n f o
Article history:
Received 12 May 2014
Received in revised form 16 September 2014
Accepted 16 September 2014
Available online 14 October 2014
Keywords:
Internet of Things (IoT)
RFIDs
Sensors
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications Standardization
a b s t r a c t
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that combines aspects and technologies coming from different approaches. Ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing, Internet Protocol, sensing technologies, communication technologies, and embedded devices are merged together in order to form a system where the real and digital worlds meet and are continuously in symbiotic interaction. The smart object is the building block of the IoT vision. By putting intelligence into everyday objects, they are turned into smart objects able not only to collect information from the environment and interact/control the physical world, but also to be interconnected, to each other, through Internet to exchange data and information.
The expected huge number of interconnected devices and the significant amount of available data open new opportunities to create services that will bring tangible benefits to the society, environment, economy and individual citizens. In this paper we present the key features and the driver technologies of IoT.
In addition to identifying the application scenarios and the correspondent potential applications, we focus on research challenges and open issues to be faced for the IoT realization in the real world.
Ó 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Due to the huge advancements in the
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Computer Communications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/comcom
Review
The Internet of Things vision: Key features, applications and open issues
Eleonora Borgia ⇑
Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), Italian National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
a r t i c l e
i n f o
Article history:
Received 12 May 2014
Received in revised form 16 September 2014
Accepted 16 September 2014
Available online 14 October 2014
Keywords:
Internet of Things (IoT)
RFIDs
Sensors
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications Standardization
a b s t r a c t
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that combines aspects and technologies coming from different approaches. Ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing, Internet Protocol, sensing technologies, communication technologies, and embedded devices are merged together in order to form a system where the real and digital worlds meet and are continuously in symbiotic interaction. The smart object is the building block of the IoT vision. By putting intelligence into everyday objects, they are turned into smart objects able not only to collect information from the environment and interact/control the physical world, but also to be interconnected, to each other, through Internet to exchange data and information.
The expected huge number of interconnected devices and the significant amount of available data open new opportunities to create services that will bring tangible benefits to the society, environment, economy and individual citizens. In this paper we present the key features and the driver technologies of IoT.
In addition to identifying the application scenarios and the correspondent potential applications, we focus on research challenges and open issues to be faced for the IoT realization in the real world.
Ó 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Due to the huge advancements in the
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