Safe driving requires the driver to have the best possible vision of the road and other road users. Any reduction in driver vision, particularly in poor light conditions, such as twilight or wet weather conditions, will lead to a reduction in safety. Tinted windows can significantly reduce driver vision. This is likely to be more critical for the elderly and other people with even minor vision disabilities. Therefore, it is desirable that the light transmittance of windows on a motor vehicle is not reduced below the level as supplied by the vehicle manufacturer.
3.17.1 The effect of window tinting on drivers’ ability to detect targets in their rear view mirrors.
According to research of Dennis R. Proffitt (Professor of Psychology and of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia 1996), increasing levels of window tinting were associated with an increase in the number of failures to detect a pedestrian in rear view mirrors and compare with a decrease in the distance needed to detect this target. …show more content…
The formulation process of policy is a level of the pre-decision phase of policy making including to creating a goals and options and also opportunities, costs and benefits of each options, externalities of each option. According to Howlett (2003),it including setting a set of policy to address an issue and problems as a result that a prepared set of solutions is done for the final solutions from which decision makers actually choose by judging the feasibility, political acceptance, costs and benefits. Otherwise, the formulation process needs the participation and also motivation of different actors with their entrances of new actors and ideas to play their roles in the formulating policy process. For formulation process of policy, refer figure