There is a major concern in public health and medical practice for ethical considerations in the conduct of research on human subjects.
Most of the published guidelines on ethics for medical research are primarily concerned with experimental designs and invasive procedures in clinical research; they do not cover many of the issues arising in observational studies often used in public health research.
Nonetheless, even observational studies are expected to comply and conform to certain standards of ethical code.
Medical Ethics or Bioethics is the study and application of moral values, rights, and duties in the fields of medical treatment and research.
Medical decisions involving moral issues are made every day