4d Planning

International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 6, December 2011

GIS Based 4D Model Development for Planning and Scheduling of a Construction Project
Gopal M. Naik, Aditya M., and Suma B. Naik

Abstract—Today’s demand of construction industry requires a highly accurate planning, scheduling and management of the process of the project which can enable the overall optimization of the cost, time and resources. The older system of usage of MS Project and Primavera for scheduling, AutoCAD drawings and taking a lot of strain and explaining the status of the project to the client is very difficult and time consuming, owing to the fact that the client and the store manager might not be fluent with the technical terms used in the schedules and graphical representations. Instead of using the older, traditional methods of CAD drawings and schedule sheets, one can integrate them on a platform to create a 4D view of the project using GIS environment. The aim of the study is intended to demonstrate the understanding of the methodology to create the GIS based 4D model for optimization and real time monitoring of the project. ArcScene module of ArcGIS is utilized, along with Primavera P3 for this study. Integrated GIS based 4D model has been developed and utilized for the visualization of the construction progress of the project. A case study of factory building of CIGFIL Polymers, located at Hosakote, Bengaluru has been selected for the present study. Different stages of the construction process and activities are generated in different layers using ArcGIS software. Primavera P3 software has been used for creation of the schedules and these are linked with the GIS layers. It is found from the study of actual building information at site and the building simulation model that some overlapping and rework can be avoided. Index Terms—Planning and scheduling, Work breakdown structure, Geographical information system.

I. INTRODUCTION The current day

References: Fig. 4. The process of simulation sequence. [1] V. BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS Despite of numerous advantages of utilization of 4D methodology for the planning, scheduling of the project, the industry is still dependant on the traditional methods. Traditionally, the CPM schedule does not provide any information pertaining to the spatial aspects or context and complexities of the various components of a construction project. Therefore, to interpret progress information, project members normally look at 2D drawings and conceptually associate components with related activities. Different project members may develop inconsistent interpretations of the schedule when reviewing the CPM schedule. This causes confusion on many occasions and usually makes effective communication among project participations difficult. All the project members should be able to visually observe the progress, which will help in effective communication of the schedule. The system has to be run periodically over the duration of the project. This system will benefit project managers, site engineers and the clients. The project manager will get up-to date information about the progress of the work and it helps in controlling big project sites. The project managers come to know about the cost incurred or spent and the quantity of materials used on site on each day activities. The role of site engineer is controlling the project site by knowing the progress of the work and helps in easy decision making for procurement of the funds or materials. It helps in knowing how much more materials is required to complete the work. It is also helps in reducing the wastage of materials and ordering the ideal quantity of materials thus by reducing over ordering of the materials. Client can get the information about the project by knowing the exact status of the project and also he has a 3-D view of the progress of work thus knowing where large cost has been incurred. A. Retik, “Planning and monitoring of construction projects using virtual reality.” Proj. Manage. J., vol. 97, no. 1, pp. 28-31, 1997. [2] B. Koo and Fischer, “Feasibility of 4D CAD in commercial construction.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage., vol. 126, no. 4, pp. 251-260, 2000. [3] M. Fischer, “Benefits of four-dimentional (4D) models for facility owners and AEC services providers.” Proc. 6th construction congress D.K. Walsh ed., ASCE, Reston, pp. 990-995. [4] V. K. Bansal and M. Pal, “Potential of geographic information systems in building cost estimation and visualisation.” Autom. Constr., vol. 16, no. 3, pp.311-322, 2007. [5] Chang Kang-tsung, “Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, Tata McGraw- Hill Edition, New Delhi, p. 432, 2006. [6] A. R. Oloufa, A. Ethan, and C. S. Papacostas, “ Integrated GIS for construction site investigation .” J. Constr. Eng. Manage., vol.120, no. 1, pp.211-222, 1994. [7] M. Y. Cheng and J. T. O’Connor, “ArcSite: Enhanced GIS for construction site layout.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. vol. 122, no. 4, pp. 329-336, 1996 [8] M. Y. Cheng and S. C. Yang, “GIS based cost estimates integrating with material layout planning.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. vol. 11, no. 4, pp.291-299. 2001. [9] M. Y. Cheng and J.C. Chen, “Integrating barcode and GIS for monitoring construction progress.” Autom. Constr. vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 23-33, 2000. [10] D. Udo-Inyang and C. H. Uzoije, “HICIMS: An Integrated GIS and DBMS application.” Proc., 4th Computing incivil engineering congress, T. M. Adams, ed., ASCE, New York, pp. 240-247. Dr. Gopal M. Naik, working as Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering (Autonomous), Osmania University, Hyderbad. He was graduated in Civil Engineering from Osmania University in 1995. He has obtained his Master’s degree (M.E.) in Water Resources Engineering and Management in 2001 from Osmania University. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay in 2009. From 1996 to 1998 he was worked as Associate Lecturer at Govt. Model Residential Polytechnics, Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh. He involves in many administrative position in the College as well as in the University. Where he specializes in geospatial techniques like GIS, GPS and Remote Sensing to water resources engineering, watershed management, construction engineering and management and civil engineering fields. VI. CONCLUSIONS Use Integrated GIS based 4D model has been developed and utilized for the visualization of the construction progress of the project. Different stages of the construction process and activities are generated in different layers using ArcGIS software. Primavera P3 has been used for creation of the 451 Mr. Aditya, Co-authors, was a under graduate ex-student of Civil Engineering Department, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, hyderabad. Presently he is pursuing his higher education in the state university, Andhra Pradesh, India. Another Co-auther Mr. Suman B. Naik, he was also a under graduate ex-student of Civil Engineering Department, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad. Presently he is working in the Government Department, State Government of Andhra Pradesh, India.