• Great Trek: Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.…
Beer influenced the transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural based societies because it gave people a keen interest in grain storage. Beer was discovered as gruel, a mixture of water and grain, that was heated. It stimulated a dopaminergic release, causing the people that experienced the flavor to yearn for that rewarding sensation more. Standage noted that people could store a pound of grain a year, which caused the transition away from the savage – minded lifestyle even more appealing (13). Beer is a drink used to relax and celebrate, and seeing that the world functions through the ability to communicate, beer was extremely valuable to the people of the time period. In addition, it is possible that a trade-off of some sort was made possible, as some would convert to beer-making and exchange their craft for meat and berries. In the book, it was said that beer “was truly the defining drink of those first great civilizations,” and these various new abilities brought into play through beer makes this understandable (30). All of these positive and attractive new possibilities are ways that beer influenced the switch from the traditional hunt – and – gather mentality to a more society – oriented lifestyle with agriculture.…
How did beer lead to the development of cities in Mesopotamia and Egypt? Grains grew widespread in the Fertile Crescent (The crescent shaped area which had an ideal climate and soil for growing plants and raising livestock, it stretches from Egypt, up the Mediterranean coast to Turkey, and then down again to the border between Iraq and Iran.) causing the unintentional discovery of beer. The Fertile Crescent’s extremely rich soil was suitable for the growth of cereal grains after the last ice age, which occurred around 10,000 BCE. Hunter-gatherers were drawn to the cereal grains and, the ability to keep the grains for long periods of time stimulated them to stay. If they hunter-gatherers could thrive of off the wild grain if they were willing to stay near it and harvest at its peak. After the hunter-gatherers had spent so much time collecting the grain they would have been reluctant to leave the grain that they had collected nor could they travel with it. For this reason hunter-gatherers began to settle on the land. These settlers soon found that the grain could be stockpiled for long periods of time without spoiling. The technology of these settlers was still in development so storage spaces were not usually watertight, and when the water got into the stockpile of the collected grains they started to sprout and acquired a sweet taste. Thus becoming malted grains. When gruel, which is made of boiled malted grains, was left to sit for a couple of days it undertakes an interesting transformation. It becomes a pleasantly intoxicating and slightly bubbly liquid, as the yeasts from the gruel turn it to alcohol. The cereal grains used to make beer was often used as an eatable currency, because everyone needed it. People traded and sold it, causing the development and expansion of cities.…
1. The “Land between 2 rivers” is the Tigris and Euphrates rivers located in Mesopotamia (in the Fertile Crescent). “The World’s first cities arose in Mesopotamia, ‘the land between the streams,’ the name given to the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers… (24, Standage)”, which meant that around this area most of the people were hardworking. The problem about these two rivers though is that they had unexpected flooding and there was little rain. This is why at the time, goods, instead of being offerings to gods were, “compulsory taxes that were consumed by the temple bureaucracy or traded for other goods and services (40, Standage).” This only arose though because of the unpredictable weather and nature of the Mesopotamian environment.…
A History of the World in 6 Glasses by Tom Standage is about six drinks (beer, wine, spirits, coffee, tea, and coca-cola) and how they have affected the world in the past and the present. All of these drinks were invented in different eras, and the inventions of these drinks were affected by what had occurred in the time period.…
Most people were taught to divide history in ages, eras, and in some cases decades , Tom Standage seems to divide history in the popular beverage of the time period. In "A History of the World in 6 Glasses" the author brings the reader to an interesting timeline of our history. Fantastically written and catches attention to all who wants to learn about everyday drinks and how they became so popular. Not only does this book share information about these beverages it also brings light to the actual history of the world and with vibrant tone and interesting facts, Standage successfully made an interesting historical novel.…
One way beer could have influenced the transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural-based societies was that after the discovery of beer, beer began to increase. with the increase of beer, farming was successful taking time away from hunting and gathering. farmers eventually settled down in small areas around fertile crescents to create beer.…
Beer might have/had influenced the transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural-based societies. One way beer could have done this was that after the discovery of beer, the demand for beer began to increase. With increase demand for beer, farming would increase taking away time to hunt and gather for food. With less hunting and gathering, farmers eventually settled down in small areas around the Fertile Crescent to create beer.…
Before 10,000 BCE the primary source of drink was water. When beer was discovered in Mesopotamia it was considered a step up from water. Water was…
In the book, The Looking Glass Wars by Frank Beddor, the classic story of Alice in Wonderland is flipped on it’s side. In Beddor’s novel, Queen Genivieve of Wonderland’s daughter, Alyss, takes an interesting journey, but in the end, ends up back in Wonderland. When Alyss is young, Redd kills King Nolan, which is the first time evil comes to Wonderland. Soon after that, Redd attacks Heart Palace and Queen Genevieve sends Alyss into the Pool of Tears but Alyss sees Redd kill Genevieve before she is able to escape. Thirteen years later, when Alyss returns to Wonderland, things start to change as good and evil sides begin to battle and Alyss is able to finally beat Redd and good wins over evil.…
In A History Of The World In Six Glasses, the author Tom Standage addresses how six drinks have changed our history. Just as our history can be split into different ages through the materials we’ve used, we can also separate it into the six glasses that influenced our lives. Beer, wine, spirits, coffee, tea, and cola are the most culturally impacted drinks. Even though all six beverages have equally benefited us, I think some are more important than others. In my opinion, coffee altered the way beverages were made. Coffee helped mankind by waking them up rather than intoxicating like beer or wine.…
A caterpillar that smokes from pipes and eats tarty-tarts is only the beginning of Frank Beddor’s first book in his trilogy The Looking Glass Wars. Many of us are familiar with the infamous fairy tale of Alice who stumbles upon a hole that leads her to Wonderland and meets strange characters like the Cheshire Cat and others. Now there are many differences in Beddor’s tale; not only is the Cat an assassin with nine lives but Alice-the character we grew up knowing-has a different name, Alyss Heart. She is a young girl whose kingdom of Wonderland is taken over by her blood thirsty and cruel Aunt Redd, who is truly the incarnation of evil. This book is one with many gory battles, sad deaths, and is a mouthful of gwormy worms because of its unforgettable characters. Alyss’s parents-whom are both assassinated by Redd-are the type of parents who truly love their daughter. Alyss is 1 percent child and 99 percent goof. She does not fully understand her role as princess and is forced into fleeing her Queendom and entire world to escape Redd’s wrath. She is taken by Hatter Madigan, personal guard of the Queen and gets separated in England. Alyss now has to grow out of her childish nature and do many things, and each of them is near impossible. She must…somehow find Hatter in a whole new world that she is not familiar with; survive in a surrounding unfamiliar to her; find a way back to her own world; and train her imagination so that she can fight Redd. Yes, you heard right. Imagination. No longer are conventional weapons such as guns and bombs needed when you can simply imagine the most deadly weapons in a second. You can even pull a prank on a random bystander just by thinking it true, which was usually done by Alyss. ‘"It'd be more fun if it had fountains of water coming out of it," Alyss said, and immediately the hoop was spurting water from tiny holes all along its surface, the surprised inventor…
1. From which advanced civilization/culture did Europeans get the “science” of how to make spirits?…
1. What event was most directly responsible for the rise of the gun powder empires in Turkey, Iran, and India and similar states in Tsarist Russia and Ming China?…
Loewen states the main cause for students’ lack of awareness is textbooks. Written to meet strict requirements of page length, design, and content, it has become practically impossible to write a history textbook that is interesting and acceptable to a national audience. Loewen proves that between authors, publishers, school boards, approval boards, and undereducated/overworked teachers, American textbooks have become a parade of uncontroversial, boring bites of information to be memorized and then quickly forgotten.…