What actually is a subculture? How does it define a culture, ethnic group, or even an individual of a certain life …show more content…
In the early 1950s David Riesman who was a professor at the University of Chicago and also taught American Character and Social Structure at the University of Buffalo Law School. In 1950 he was the Authored The Lonely Crowd, which was a detailed group study that was conducted on individuals who were reluctant to conform to traditional society norms. It was a sociological study on modern conformity, which theorized the existence of the "inner-directed" and "other-directed" personalities. Tradition-directed people, who strictly obey the golden rules, rarely flourish in modern ways of thinking or experimented, in the forever changing societies. Inner-directed people lived as they were taught in their childhoods. They tend to be confident in their beliefs and consider as being described as unyielding. Other-directed people are more flexible and willing to accommodate with others to win their approvals. Within Riesman’s studies he argues that the character of post-WWII American society encouraged individuals to "other-directedness", the haves were examples of being modern suburbia, where individuals seek their neighbors' approval and fear being outcast from their community. Riesman went on