Aavin

Dr(Mrs).K.Usharani,
Lecturer in Commerce,
Vellalar College for Women,Erode-9
Mrs.K.Mekala,
Lecturer in Commerce,
Govt.Polytechnic College,Ooty

AAVIN MILK : IMPORTANCE AND GROWTH

INTRODUCTION
Since early times, man has tamed many mammals and used the surplus milk produced as food. Cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep, camels and donkeys all are used as milk animals. Though animal milk as food for young animals is said to date back 200 million years, its use as food for human beings is of comparatively recent origin, perhaps just about 10,000 years.
Milk is the normal secretion of mammary gland of mammals. It’s purpose in nature is to provide good nourishments for the young of the particular species producing it. Milk is often spoken us “Nature’s most perfects food”. Man has learnt the art of using milk and milk products as a food for his well being and has increased the milk producing function of the animals best adopted as a source of milk for human consumption. The cow is the principal source of milk for human consumption in many part of the world. In India, more milk is obtained from the buffalo than the cow, some amount of goat milk is consumed.
MILK AND HEALTH
According to a recent publication of the ‘American Association for the Advancement of Science’, animal milk forms a culturally acceptable part of the diet for only a part of man kind. And the present widespread use of infant formula based on cow’s milk is a very recent development. Since milk is of animal origin, it is only natural that its proteins must be a near approach to the protein mixture of the human body in terms of their amino acid makeup. Milk proteins are more or less complete proteins and milk constitutes an excellent supplement to a cereal based diet.
Milk is valued for its fat contents also. The proportion being about 4% for cow’s milk and more than 6% for buffalo’s milk. About 70% of the fatty acids in milk fat are saturated about 25% mono unsaturated and barely 5% are poly unsaturated. ‘The Nutrition Expert Group’ has recommended that, every adult who is not taking meat, fish or eggs must have daily a minimum of 200ml milk. Milk contains all types of nutrients i.e., Carbohydrate, fat, protein, minerals, and vitamins. Its proteins are animal proteins of high biological value. It is exceptionally rich in calcium and phosphorus and has a generous supply of vitamin A and riboflavin along with useful amounts of the other members of the vitamin B complex.
A ½ litre milk supplies a child of 5 years with all the calcium, riboflavin and vitamin A, nearly half the protein and one third of the thiamine required daily. For an average man a ½ litre milk supplies all the calcium and vitamin A, a quarter of the protein, nearly half the riboflavin and one sixth of the thiamine.
HISTORY OF DAIRY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT IN TAMILNADU The Dairy Development Department was established in 1958 in Tamilnadu. The administrative and statutory control over all the milk
Co-operatives in the state were transferred to the Dairy Development Department on 01.08.1965.
With the adoption of “Anand Pattern” in the state of Tamilnadu, ‘Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producers Federation Limited’ was registered in the state on 01.02.1981. The commercial activities of the department such as milk procurement, processing, chilling, packing and sale of milk to consumers etc, are dealt with by Tamilnadu Dairy Development Corporation Limited were transferred to the newly registered Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producer’ Federation Ltd., popularly known as “Aavin”.

Objectives of the Dairy Development Department The following are the main objectives of the Dairy Development Department.
• Assure a remunerate price for the milk produced by the member of the Milk Producer’s Co-operative Societies through a stable, steady and well organized market support.
• Distribution of quality milk and milk products to the consumers at reasonable price.
• Creating awareness on the milk producers about the cleanliness in the milk production of milk.
Organization Structure of the Dairy Development Department The Commissioner for milk production and dairy development is the Head of the Dairy Development Department. He is the functional registrar in respect of Dairy Co-operatives in the state. He is also the ex-officio Managing Director of the Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producer’s Federation Ltd. that is “Aavin”.
The Commissioner for Milk production and dairy development exercises all the statutory powers with regard to the registration of societies supervision, inspection, inquiry, disputes, liquidation of milk co-operatives including the District Co-operative Milk Producer’s Union and Federation under the relevant provisions of the ‘Tamilnadu Co-operative Societies Act 1983’ and ‘Co-operative Societies Rules 1988’.
Functions of Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producer’s Federation Limited It is an apex body of 17 District Co-operative Milk Producer’s Unions. They are, 1.Kancheepuram, 2.Villuppuram, 3.Vellore, 4.Dharmapuri, 5.Salem, 6.Erode, 7.Coimbatore, 8.Nilgris, 9.Madurai, 10.Dindugal, 11 Trichy,
12. Thanjavur, 13.Pudukottai. 14.Sivagangai 15. Virudhunagar, 16. Thirunelveli, 17. Kanyakumari.
These dairies collect milk from District Union process and pack in sachets and send for sale to the consumers. They are also producing and selling the milk products such as Yogurt, Ice-cream, Khova, Kulabjamun, Buttermilk, Curd and Mysorepa.
Milk Procurement of District Co-Operative Milk Producer’s Unions (DCMPU’s) Most of the rural people especially women make their livelihood by rearing milk animals and by supplying milk to the Co-operatives. Government of Tamilnadu directed the Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producer’s Federation and District Co-operative Milk Producer’s Union to raise the procurement price of the cow’s milk from Rs.10.50 to Rs.12.00 per litre and that of buffalo’s milk from Rs.12.50 to Rs.14.00 with effect from 07.03.2007.Average milk procurement of DCMPU’s is given in the table 1
Table 1
Average milk procurement in DCMPU’s
Year Average milk procurement (In lakh litres per day)
2001-2002
2002-2003
2003-2004
2004-2005
2005-2006
2006-2007 17.49
15.79
17.26
20.56
21.59
22.10

Milk Selling Price of DCMPU’s
The following the price of Toned / Standardized / Full cream milk in sachets.
Table 2
Milk selling price
Toned milk
(Per litre) Standardised milk
(Per litre) Full cream milk
(Per litre) Double toned milk
(Per litre)
Card MRP Card MRP Card MRP Card MRP
Rs.13.75 Rs.15.50 Rs.16.00 Rs.18.00 Rs.18.00 Rs.20.00 Rs.13.00 Rs.15.00

SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION REGARDING THE DAIRY DEVELOPMENT IN TAMILNADU
Table 3
Dairy development in Tamilnadu
S.No. Items Achievement as on 31.03.2007
1. Total number of functional Milk producers’ Co-operative Societies 7662
2. New Milk producers’ Co-operatives organized 352
3. Total number of members in milk Co-operatives Societies 21.93 lakhs
4. Milk production by societies 26.10 lakhs litres per day
5. Number of District Unions 17
6. State level Federation 1
7. Total number of pouring members 3.98 lakhs
8. Milk procurement by Unions (April 2006 - February 2007) 22.0 lakhs litres per day

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF NILGIRIS DISTRICT
CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCER’S UNION LTD On July 14, 1946 Ootacamund Co-operative Milk Supply Society (OCMSS) under the tute lage of Shri Giriappa Gowder was registered. The OCMSS then had a membership of 355 members with the share capital of Rs.10,275/- During mid 1940’s, milk was collected from its members residing in and around Ooty and was supplied to consumers. The OCMSS expanded its area into 20 Villages during 1960’s. Between 1962 and 1964 the pasteurization plant with the capacity of 10,000 litres per day was installed. Later in mid 1970’s the OCMSS accumulated assets worth Rs.35 lakhs
Milk processing of Nilgiris District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union
This union is processing the milk into
 Toned milk with 3.0% fat and 8.5% solid non fat
 Special toned milk with 4.0% fat and 8.5% solid non fat
 Premium milk
Annual Compound Growth Rate (ACGR)
Calculation of compound growth rate is essential to measure the growth and development of a concern. Growth only indicates the profitability and effectiveness of a concern. So, some of the factors relating to the Nilgiris District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union have been calculated.
Table 4 Annual total sales of milk in Nilgiris District
Years Milk Sales (in lakhs litres)
2002-03 18062
2003-04 19100
2004-05 19615
2005-06 19870
2006-07 21386
ACGR 4.31

Source: NDCMPU, March, 2007
According to table 4, the sale of milk was as high as 21386 lakhs litres in the last year 2006-2007 and it was very low in the year 2002-2003 as 18062 lakhs litres. The annual comjpound growth rate of sales is 4.31 and it was considerably low.
ACGR for area wise sales
Table 5
Areawise sales in Nilgiris District (In lakhs litres)
Years Ooty Coonoor Kotagiri Gudalur
2002-03 8137 6289 1595 1831
2003-04 9431 6268 1903 1495
2004-05 9041 5860 1853 2862
2005-06 8740 5808 1733 3614
2006-07 9782 6029 1826 3762
ACGR 4.73 ¬-1.05 3.43 19.7

Source: NDCMPU, March, 2007

In the above table, the sale of milk in different areas of Nilgiris District has been shown. As per the table, the growth rate of sales was high in Gudalur and it was comparatively less in Ooty. And in Kotagiri it was only 3.43. In Coonoor area, instead of growth it shows declining (-1.05).
CONCLUSION
India, through its systematic planning in the form of various Dairy Development Programmes has reached the present milk Production level of 84 million tones topping the world in terms of milk production. The present achievement in the India’s milk production is the fruitful culmination of sustain of systematic and intensive efforts made by the Government of India through its various cattle development programmes over years. The results ACGR of the Nilgiris District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union show that the over all growth of sale of milk is not satisfactory. And the area wise sale of milk indicates a positive growth in Ooty,Kotagiri,Gudalur area. Thus aavin milk has created a good and powerful name in Nilgiris District.
REFERENCES
BOOKS
 A.P.J. Abdul kalam with Y.S.Rajan, India 2020 , Viking Books India (p) Ltd, New Delhi,2002
 S.N.Mahindru , Food Safety , Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2000
 M.S.Mathur , R.S.Mann ,Manual of Dairy Processing

WEB SITE

www.aavinmilk.com

References: BOOKS  A.P.J. Abdul kalam with Y.S.Rajan, India 2020 , Viking Books India (p) Ltd, New Delhi,2002  S.N.Mahindru , Food Safety , Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2000  M.S.Mathur , R.S.Mann ,Manual of Dairy Processing WEB SITE www.aavinmilk.com