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Chapter 5

1. “More than a toleration of an alien culture is required…there is need for affirmative acceptance as different but equal.” Elaborate.

This statement refers to cultural adaptation. It is important for different cultures to meet in the middle and not lose what makes their culture unique. There are three aspects to adaptation. These are, cultural imperatives, cultural electives, and cultural exclusives. Imperatives are aspects of business that all cultures come to expect, these include not raising your voice, losing patients, or correcting someone in public. Electives are aspects of culture that relate to behaviors of custom that are not required or expected, but when demonstrated show a level of respect and sensitivity. Exclusives are customs that are reserved exclusively for the locals in which outsiders are barred.

2. “We should also bear in mind that in today’s business-oriented world economy, the cultures themselves are being significantly affected by business activities and business practices.” Comment.

Adaptation is one of the key concepts for success in international marketing. Through this “affirmative acceptance as different but equal,” adaptation becomes easier. One gains an appreciation of the outlook of those with whom one is dealing.

3. “In dealing with foreign businesses, the marketer must be particularly aware of the varying objectives and aspirations of management.” Explain.

The marketer cannot judge what he feels the objectives of management of a foreign firm are by what they are in similar firms in his own country. With every firm in our country, the objectives and aspirations of management are different. Therefore, it is quite likely that they are different in foreign countries. The marketer must limit the amount of SRC in his decisions in order to make a wise business choice that will not offend potential partnerships.

4. Business customs and national customs are closely interrelated. In

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