The major pollution caused by factories or industrials’ activities is air pollution. According to the Engineers’ Joint Council “Air Pollution and Its Control”, air pollution means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more contaminants, such as dust, fumes, gas, mist, odour, smoke or vapour in quantities of characteristics and of duration, such as to be injurious to human, plant or animal life or to property or which unreasonably interfaces with the comfortable enjoyment of life and property. On the other way, air pollution also can be defined as the chemicals, particulate matters or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere.
The rapid growth of industries has now spread to a number of developing counties of the Third World including Malaysia. Although the sizes of industrial plants in these countries are comparatively small by Western standards, it is important that the planner be aware of the cumulative effect of these many small industrial sources of pollution. In Malaysia, 39 percent of the total pollution is contributed by industries. Of this industrial pollution, more than 27 percent comes from wood-based industries. It has been estimated that only 20 percent of this wood waste was usefully recovered as fuel for boilers and kilns.
There are many different chemical substances emit by industrial activities that contribute to air pollution. These chemicals come from a variety of sources. Among the many types of air pollutants are nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, and organic compounds that can evaporate and enter the atmosphere. Air pollutants have sources that are both natural and human. Now, humans contribute substantially more to the air pollution problem.
The effects of air pollution are diverse and numerous. Air pollution can have serious consequences for the health of human beings, and also severely affects