American Civil War and Ulysses S. Grant

Civil War/Reconstruction Test

Matching: In the space provided, write the term identified by each description. Choose your answers from the list below.

|Fort Sumter Appomattox Courthouse Battle of Antietam Freedman’s Bureau |
|Border states Siege of Vicksburg Andrew Johnson Ulysses S. Grant |
|Scalawags carpetbaggers Robert E. Lee Sharecropping |

1._____________ Bloodiest single-day battle in United States history.

2._____________ An important federal outpost in South Carolina. Began the civil war.

3._____________ The location of General Lee’s surrender to General Grant.

4._____________ Southern town which was denied reinforcements for six weeks and gave the North control of the Mississippi River.

5._____________ States that were of strategic importance to both the North and the South.

6._____________ Commanding officer of the union forces.

7._____________ Federal agency established to provide food and medical care for all poor people in the South.

8._____________ Commanding officer of the confederate forces.

9._____________ Vice president under Abraham Lincoln who was sworn in as president after Lincoln’s assassination.

10.____________ Word used by democrats to refer to white southern republicans as liars and cheats.

11.____________ System which allowed poor blacks to farm land they could not afford to buy.

12.____________ Name given to northerners who moved south to make money off the reconstruction of the south.

Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that best answers the question.

13. Why did union leaders want to control the Mississippi River? a. To sail down it and attack the confederates b. To send messages home reporting their progress c. To divide the confederates and cut off their supply lines d. To access munitions being sent down the river

14. What were northern democrats who opposed the civil war called? a. Ironclads b. Contrabands c. Stonewalls d. Copperheads

15. Which of the following is not one of the new technologies used during the civil war? a. Railroads b. Photographs c. Tanks d. Telegraph

16. The forced separation of whites and blacks in public places is called what? a. Segregation b. Amnesty c. Sharecropping d. Carpet bagging

17. What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments have in common? a. They grew out of Johnson’s vision of reconstruction b. They increased the rights of African Americans c. They led to a decrease in the power of the federal government d. They were vetoed by Andrew Johnson

18. Slavery became illegal with the passage of what amendment? a. 13th amendment b. 14th amendment c. 15th amendment d. 16th amendment

19. Clashes over the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the 14th Amendment, and the Reconstruction Acts led to congress’s decision to impeach whom? a. Abraham Lincoln b. Andrew Johnson c. Ulysses S. Grant d. Jim Crow

20. The process of reuniting the nation and rebuilding the southern states without slavery was called what? a. The Compromise of 1877 b. Civil Rights c. General Amnesty d. Reconstruction

21. The Ku Klux Klan a. Used violence and terror to keep blacks from exercising their civil rights b. Was strongly opposed by many local government in the south c. Was made up of northerners who moved to the south d. Supported radical reconstruction

22. Which of the following led to the end of reconstruction? a. Civil Rights Act of 1866 b. Civil Rights Bill of 1875 c. Compromise of 1877 d. Compromise of 1801

23. Who led the south under President Johnson’s reconstruction plan? a. Wealthy white planters b. Federal troops c. Carpet baggers and scalawags d. Black republicans

24. The 14th amendment guarantees to all Americans, regardless of race, a. Separate, but equal facilities b. The right to vote c. Equal protection under the law d. 40 acres and a mule

25. Under congressional reconstruction, political power in the south shifted to a. White southern democrats b. Former slaves and whites who had been loyal to the United States c. Former confederate leaders d. The Ku Klux Klan

26. During southern reconstruction, blacks and whites in the south a. Were guaranteed equal rights b. Were segregated in public places c. Had to pay for children’s schooling d. Were taxed into poverty

27. The Ku Klux Klan and similar terrorist groups were formed in the south to a. Clean up corruption and incompetence in government b. Protect white southerners from ruthless carpetbaggers and scalawags c. Return white democrats to power in every southern state d. Protect the rights of black voters and officials

28. Which statement is NOT TRUE of the Compromise of 1877? a. It began with a disputed election b. It sent more federal troops to the South c. It made Rutherford B. Hayes president d. It marked the end of reconstruction

29. The purpose of the Jim Crow laws passed by southern Democrats was to a. Draw a line between blacks and whites in public life b. Make sure that blacks and whites had equal facilities c. Keep unqualified African Americans from voting d. Encourage African Americans to migrate out of the South

30. When the Civil War began a. Both sides were prepared for a long and drawn-out war b. The South’s greatest strength was its military leadership c. Southerners believed they could win by killing Abraham Lincoln d. Northerners were reluctant to volunteer for military service

31. Hopes for both sides for a quick victory ended with the a. Battle between the Merrimac and the Monitor b. Battle of Gettysburg c. Battle of Bull Run d. Battle of Antietam

32. Lincoln’s “Anaconda Plan” for winning the war called for all of the following EXCEPT for a. A blockade of southern ports to cut off shipping b. Dividing the south into sections to weaken the Confederacy c. Capturing Richmond to destroy the Confederate government d. Assassinating Jefferson Davis to leave the Confederacy without a leader

33. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation declared a. All slaves to be forever free b. Slaves in the union states to be free c. Slaves in Confederate states to be free d. Slaves in U.S. territories to be free

34. The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point in the war because a. It triggered a four-day draft riot in New York City b. The outcome convinced Europeans nations to help the Confederacy c. Southern troops reached their northernmost point in the Union territory d. Lee lost so many troops that he would never again invade the North

35. With the fall of Vicksburg, Union forces a. Gained control of the Mississippi River b. Proved the value of ironclad ships c. Showed that black soldiers could fight d. Controlled all southern ports

36. General Tecumseh Sherman’s march through Georgia was a. A defeat for both armies b. An example of total war c. The bloodiest battle of the war d. A turning point in the war

37. The terms of surrender General Grant offered to General Lee were designed to a. End the war without causing further suffering or hatred b. Convince northerners that the heavy costs of the war were justified c. Punish southerners who had fought for the Confederacy d. Continue his policy of accepting nothing less than unconditional surrender

True or False: Write “T” if the statement is true and “F” if the statement is false.

38. _________ The border states unanimously supported the Union in the war.

39. _________ The 54th Massachusetts Infantry, a regiment consisting mainly of free African Americans, played a key role in the attack of Ft. Wagner.

40. _________ Reconstruction governments helped establish the first state-funded public school system in the south.

41. _________ Many Southerners eagerly supported Reconstruction.

42. _________ Reconstruction ended when African Americans had full citizenship.

43. _________ Abraham Lincoln supported an end to slavery in all regions of the United States.

44. _________ There was many advances in technology due to the civil war.

45. _________ Habeas Corpus is a constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment.

Short Answer: Choose one of the following two questions and answer with as much detail as possible (worth 10 points).

1. In your opinion, who started the civil war? Why? Give as many details as possible to support your answer.

2. In your opinion was reconstruction successful? Why or why not? Give as many details as possible to support your answer.