Amino Acid Becoming A Membrane Transporter
Biology Oxford Presentation
A. Entering the epithelia cell of the small intestine, until being loaded onto the proper tRNA.
Amino acid present in the lumen of the small intestine
The goal is to cross through the epithelial cell membrane to enter into the epithelial cell’s cytoplasm – its charged cuz of side chains
To get through the membrane the amino acid must cross the Simple columnar epithelial cells lining the apical surface of the small intestinal tract. These cells are impermeable to any harmful bacteria that may be ingested by the body, but permeable to necessary ions.
Absorption of amino acids occurs through a process known as facilitated diffusion through membrane transporters (carrier protein) by means of active transport
OR
The type of transporter which an animo acids is transported through the epithelial membrane through depends on the R-group attacked to the particular amino acid (structure and combosition)
These transporters bind amino acids only once they have bound sodium ions – this is known as coupled transport
This coupled transport is through a symport transporter protein which works by transporting the amino acid across the cell membrane only in the presence of a sodium ion (sodium is co-transported)
Once the amino acid is released from the transporter protein into the cytoplasm of the epithelial cell the amino acids collect in pools until they are pick-up by tRNA that is floating throughout the cytoplasm
The enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase for that specific amino acid binds ATP and the amoni acid to the active site
ATP is hydrolyzed inot AMP which then minds to the amino acid in the active site
The tRNA for the specific amino acid comes into contact with the specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase to collect the activated amino acid
The amino acid uses the energy from the bonded AMP to transfer to the tRNA
B. Initiation of translation, until incorporated into a folded protein
Once the mature mRNA reaches the
A. Entering the epithelia cell of the small intestine, until being loaded onto the proper tRNA.
Amino acid present in the lumen of the small intestine
The goal is to cross through the epithelial cell membrane to enter into the epithelial cell’s cytoplasm – its charged cuz of side chains
To get through the membrane the amino acid must cross the Simple columnar epithelial cells lining the apical surface of the small intestinal tract. These cells are impermeable to any harmful bacteria that may be ingested by the body, but permeable to necessary ions.
Absorption of amino acids occurs through a process known as facilitated diffusion through membrane transporters (carrier protein) by means of active transport
OR
The type of transporter which an animo acids is transported through the epithelial membrane through depends on the R-group attacked to the particular amino acid (structure and combosition)
These transporters bind amino acids only once they have bound sodium ions – this is known as coupled transport
This coupled transport is through a symport transporter protein which works by transporting the amino acid across the cell membrane only in the presence of a sodium ion (sodium is co-transported)
Once the amino acid is released from the transporter protein into the cytoplasm of the epithelial cell the amino acids collect in pools until they are pick-up by tRNA that is floating throughout the cytoplasm
The enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase for that specific amino acid binds ATP and the amoni acid to the active site
ATP is hydrolyzed inot AMP which then minds to the amino acid in the active site
The tRNA for the specific amino acid comes into contact with the specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase to collect the activated amino acid
The amino acid uses the energy from the bonded AMP to transfer to the tRNA
B. Initiation of translation, until incorporated into a folded protein
Once the mature mRNA reaches the