Analysis, "Thousand Cranes"

1st Quarter: Notes to Remember… Figurative Language Simile- A simile compares two things using the words “like” and “as.”
Examples: busy as a beeas dry as a bone clean as a whistle brave as a lion stand out like a sore thumbthey fought like cats and dogs

Metaphor- When you use a metaphor, you make a statement that doesn’t make sense literally, like “time is a thief.” It only makes sense when the similarities between the two things become apparent or someone understands the connection.
Examples: the world is my oysteryou are a couch potato time is moneyhe has a heart of stone America is a melting potyou are my sunshine

Personification- Personification gives human characteristics to inanimate objects, animals, or ideas. This can really affect the way the reader imagines things. This is used in children’s books, poetry, and fictional literature.
Examples: opportunity knocked on the doorthe sun greeted me this morning the sky was full of dancing starsthe radio stopped singing and stared at me the sun played hide and seek with the clouds the vines wove their fingers together to form a braid

Context Clues – are neighboring words in a sentences that give ideas orclues, about an unfamiliar word.
How to Use Context Clues
- If the context clue is one of the following: is, are, was, were, or, such as, or means, the definition will be found AFTER the word and the context clue.
- If the context clue is: are known as, is known as, is called, or are called, the definition will be in FRONT of the word you need to know the meaning of.

Sentence and Sentence Fragment - A sentence expresses a complete thought or idea and contains a subject and a predicate (a verb). When a sentence is unfinished, either because it is missing a subject or verb, or because it lacks the information needed to express the thought, it is a sentence fragment.
Examples:
Sentence: Her twin brother, Prince Reginald, would become king. She decided to run away and formed an excellent plan. The plan required the help of her friends, Grumpy and Happy.
Fragment: Long, long ago, in a faraway land. She was still very unhappy. The most beautiful girl in the land.

-Simple Subject and Predicate, -Complete Subject and Predicate and
-Compound Subject and Predicate SUBJECT The simple subject is the main word or words in the complete subject.
Example: Everyone in my house is keeping a secret. The complete subject of a sentence includes all the words that tell who or what the sentence is about.
Example: Everyone in my house is keeping a secret.
Note: Sometimes the complete subject and the simple subject are the same. A compound subject contains two or more subjects that have the same predicate.
Compound subject are usually joined by conjunctions and or or.
Example: The craters and plains of the moon have had no human visitors for some time. PREDICATE The simple predicate is the verb in a sentence normally the headword of the complete subject.
Example: Everyone in my house is keeping a secret. The complete predicate is consisted of the simple subject and the surrounding words/expressions.
Example: Everyone in my house is keeping a secret. A compound predicate contains two or more predicate that have the same subject. Compound predicate are usually joined by conjunctions and or or.
Example: The craters and plains of the moon have had no human visitors for some time.

Conflict and Suspense – is the rising action, tension, excitement and struggle between the opposing forces/characters in a story. Kinds of conflicts are the following. External Conflicts - Man vs. Man - a character struggles with another character (Protagonist vs. Antagonist) - Man vs. Nature - a character struggles with a force of nature (natural disaster, desolation animal, etc. the character struggles to survive) - Man vs. Society - a character or a group of characters fight against the society in which they live. (Against social tradition or rules, fight for freedom, rights, for a cause etc.) Internal Conflict - Man vs. Self – the conflict is between a character and his/herself and his/her own mind. (choosing between the right and wrong or overcoming emotion and mixed feelings)

Synonyms- words having the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. Adjective: synonymous. Synonymy is the sense relation that exists between words with closely related meanings.
Examples: silence – quiet thrilled –excited teach – instruct small - tiny melancholy – sad scream – yell droop - sag, hang huge – gigantic skilled – talented novice – rookie

Kinds of Sentences According to Purpose/Use Declarative - A declarative sentence makes a statement. A declarative sentence ends with a period.Example: The house will be built on a hill. Interrogative - An interrogative sentence asks a question. An interrogative sentence ends with a question mark.Example: How did you find the card? Exclamatory- An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence ends with an exclamation mark.Example: The monster is attacking! Imperative - An imperative sentence gives a command.Example: Cheryl, try the other door.Sometimes the subject of an imperative sentence (you) is understood.Example: Look in the closet. (You, look in the closet.)

Kinds of Sentence According to Structure Simple Sentence- sentence with an independent clause and no subordinating clause.
Example: Darwin bought a new bag. Compound Sentence- a sentence composed of two or more independent clauses but no subordinate clause.
Example: Darwin bought a new bag while Agnes bought an umbrella. Complex Sentence- a sentence that contains one independent clause and one or more subordinate clause.
Example: When he went to the department store. Darwin bought a new bag. Compound Complex Sentence- a sentence that contains two or more independent clauses and one or more subordinate clause.
Example: When they went to the department store. Darwin bought a new bag while Agnes bought an umbrella. Elliptical Sentence- sentences with information missing, and is also an abbreviated sentence These sentences are grammatically correct only if the necessary information to understand the sentence has been supplied previously or is clear from the context of the sentence.
Examples: What is a synthesis reaction?
-Non-elliptical answer: A synthesis reaction is a reaction that combines two or more reactants to form a more complex product.
-Elliptical answer: A reaction that combines two or more reactants to form a more complex product.
What does permeable mean?-Non-elliptical answer: Permeable means permitting the passage of a substance.
-Elliptical answer: Permitting the passage of a substance.

Elements of a Short Story Plot is the action or sequence of events in a literary work. It is a series of related events that build upon one another. Plots may be simple or complex, loosely constructed or close-knit. Plot includes the following:
- whatever the characters do
- whatever the characters say
- whatever the characters think
-whatever happens to the characters
- whatever the characters cause to happen to others
Five Basic Elements of Plot
a. expositionc. climaxe. resolution
b. rising actiond. falling action

Setting is the time and place of the action of a story. Setting can be of great importance in establishing not only the physical background, but also in creating the atmosphere/mood of the story (tension, suspense, peacefulness, etc.)Setting can include time (minute/hour, year, month, decade, etc.), weather (season, literal weather, etc.), places (planets, countries, cities, buildings, homes, stores, etc.) or any other thing that helps set the background. Character is a person, or sometimes even an animal, who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary work.
Two types of characters. Static: they remain the same throughout the entire story Dynamic: they change in some important way during the course of the story
Also…
Round= a developed character (we get to know them) Flat = an undeveloped character (we never get to know them) Protagonist: This is the chief character in a work on whom our interest centers. This term is preferable over the terms hero or heroine because a protagonist can sometimes include characters who might be, for example, villainous or weak (but characters whom we are still interested in or concerned about regardless of their flaws in character). Antagonist: This is the character or force which opposes literally “wrestles”) the main character; therefore, if the protagonist is pitted against an important opponent, that opponent is called the antagonist. Point of View is the angle or position from which the story is told. There are two basic points of view for storytelling: the first-person point of view and the third-person point of view. First-person through this view, the story is told by one of the characters in his or her own words by using “I.” First-person point of view is always considered to be a limited point of view since the reader is told only what one specific character knows and observes. Third-person: Through this view, the story is told by someone outside of the story itself by using “he” or “she.” The third-person narrator may be working from an omniscient view or a limited omniscient view. Theme his is the main idea or the basic meaning of a literary work. It is a statement about life…specifically “the human condition”. Themes are UNIVERSAL truths about life. Because they are universal, they stand the test of time, and themes are repeated over-and-over in books, movies, songs, etc. (and then they become what’s called a motif). Theme is rarely a moral/lesson (it is usually just a statement about life that we know/accept to be true).