Anatomy
1Cardiovascular System: Anatomy Review: Blood Vessel Structure and Function 1. Name the three layers or tunics of the blood vessel wall and what they are composed of.
Location Tunic Name Composed of
Innermost Tunica interia Endothelium
Middle Tunica media Smooth muscle cells and sheets of elastin
Outer Tunica externa Collagen fibers that protect and reinforce the blood vessels and anchor it to surrounding structures 2. In the following list of characteristics, put “A” for artery, “C” for capillary, and “V” for vein: v contain the lowest pressure a contain the highest pressure a has thick tunica media v thin tunica media c smallest of the blood vessels a carries blood away from heart v largest lumen—blood reservoir c has only one tunic (intima) v carries blood toward the heart c site of exchange of nutrients 3. Name the three groups of arteries:
1. elastic artery
2. muscular artery
3. ateriole 4. Elastic arteries have a thick tunica media with the greatest amount of elastin. They also experience the greatest pressure and the widest variation in pressure. The best example is the aorta. 5. Compared to the arteries above, the muscular arteries have more smooth muscle but less Elastin. They deliver blood to specific organs. The renal artery delivers blood to the kidney and would be an example of this type of artery. Small changes in the diameter of these blood vessels greatly influence blood flow and blood pressure. Stimulation of vasomotor fibers would cause (vasoconstriction or vasodilation) of the blood vessels. 6. The smallest arteries are called aterioles. The steepest drop in blood pressure occurs in these vessels, thus they offer the greatest resistance to flow. An increase in blood flow through a feeder arteriole will (increase or decrease) blood flow through the capillary. 7. Capillaries: The shunt is a short vessel that directly connects the arteriole and venule. When blood flows through this vessel, there is no exchange
Location Tunic Name Composed of
Innermost Tunica interia Endothelium
Middle Tunica media Smooth muscle cells and sheets of elastin
Outer Tunica externa Collagen fibers that protect and reinforce the blood vessels and anchor it to surrounding structures 2. In the following list of characteristics, put “A” for artery, “C” for capillary, and “V” for vein: v contain the lowest pressure a contain the highest pressure a has thick tunica media v thin tunica media c smallest of the blood vessels a carries blood away from heart v largest lumen—blood reservoir c has only one tunic (intima) v carries blood toward the heart c site of exchange of nutrients 3. Name the three groups of arteries:
1. elastic artery
2. muscular artery
3. ateriole 4. Elastic arteries have a thick tunica media with the greatest amount of elastin. They also experience the greatest pressure and the widest variation in pressure. The best example is the aorta. 5. Compared to the arteries above, the muscular arteries have more smooth muscle but less Elastin. They deliver blood to specific organs. The renal artery delivers blood to the kidney and would be an example of this type of artery. Small changes in the diameter of these blood vessels greatly influence blood flow and blood pressure. Stimulation of vasomotor fibers would cause (vasoconstriction or vasodilation) of the blood vessels. 6. The smallest arteries are called aterioles. The steepest drop in blood pressure occurs in these vessels, thus they offer the greatest resistance to flow. An increase in blood flow through a feeder arteriole will (increase or decrease) blood flow through the capillary. 7. Capillaries: The shunt is a short vessel that directly connects the arteriole and venule. When blood flows through this vessel, there is no exchange