Ancient Greek and Roman Crime and Punishment
CLGreek Definitions:
Nomos | Law; or custom – later adopted to mean “statue” or “written law” | Thesmos | That which is laid down, law, ordinance (Draco’s word) | Graphe | Public suit; permits a third person to bring suit on behalf of another in certain circumstances; also means “writing” | Dike Exoules | Procedure where Athenian law provided a means by which defendant (i.e. a defendant whom a jury found liable for damages) would have to pay an extra fine to the State if he failed to pay the prosecutor. | Eisangelia | Providing charge/accusation for tyranny; “things that were arguably wrong but for which no law existed yet. | Ephesis | Permitting a right of appeal to the popular courts | Nomothetai | “Law givers” – made sure no law before 403/2 BC was valid. | Distributive Justice | Aristotle says, relates to equality. It rewards individuals for the benefits that they confer upon society. | Corrective Justice | Aristotle claims, relates to lawfulness. Judges exercise corrective justice when they punish criminals, award damages… | The Forty | Heard majority of the private cases brought by means of dike. | Dike | Law case, or lawsuit | Dike Idia | Private case | Dike Demosia | Public case | Apagoge | “Dragging away”; summary arrest acceptable in some criminal cases (robbery) | Ephegesis | Volunteer prosecutor leads the magistrate to the defendant for arrest. | Endeixis | The volunteer prosecutor first explains the charge to the magistrate and is then authorized to make the arrest. | Apographe | “Written list”: catalogue of some or all the property of a man in debt to the State. | Probole | A preliminary hearing at the Ekklesia regarding official misconduct | Dokimasia | A hearing where candidate might be disqualified from citizenship, public office, or speaking in the assembly (Ekklesia). | Euthynai | Review of performance in public office. | Sui Generis | Cases involving homicide | Synegroi | “Supporting speakers” or
Nomos | Law; or custom – later adopted to mean “statue” or “written law” | Thesmos | That which is laid down, law, ordinance (Draco’s word) | Graphe | Public suit; permits a third person to bring suit on behalf of another in certain circumstances; also means “writing” | Dike Exoules | Procedure where Athenian law provided a means by which defendant (i.e. a defendant whom a jury found liable for damages) would have to pay an extra fine to the State if he failed to pay the prosecutor. | Eisangelia | Providing charge/accusation for tyranny; “things that were arguably wrong but for which no law existed yet. | Ephesis | Permitting a right of appeal to the popular courts | Nomothetai | “Law givers” – made sure no law before 403/2 BC was valid. | Distributive Justice | Aristotle says, relates to equality. It rewards individuals for the benefits that they confer upon society. | Corrective Justice | Aristotle claims, relates to lawfulness. Judges exercise corrective justice when they punish criminals, award damages… | The Forty | Heard majority of the private cases brought by means of dike. | Dike | Law case, or lawsuit | Dike Idia | Private case | Dike Demosia | Public case | Apagoge | “Dragging away”; summary arrest acceptable in some criminal cases (robbery) | Ephegesis | Volunteer prosecutor leads the magistrate to the defendant for arrest. | Endeixis | The volunteer prosecutor first explains the charge to the magistrate and is then authorized to make the arrest. | Apographe | “Written list”: catalogue of some or all the property of a man in debt to the State. | Probole | A preliminary hearing at the Ekklesia regarding official misconduct | Dokimasia | A hearing where candidate might be disqualified from citizenship, public office, or speaking in the assembly (Ekklesia). | Euthynai | Review of performance in public office. | Sui Generis | Cases involving homicide | Synegroi | “Supporting speakers” or