Ancient Greek Medical Practice

When we think of Ancient Medical practices, we may imagine gruesome and even torturous events; however, it cannot be more far from the truth. With a rational and systematic approach when treating and diagnosing patients, Ancient Greek medicine played a significant role in influencing modern day practice. Furthermore, influential figures such as Hippocrates and Anaximander developed theories and concepts vital in explaining and diagnosing illnesses. Although there are various theories and practices that are imperative, I believe that the Four Humors, The Book of Prognostics, and De Materia Medica are the most important aspects of Ancient Greek medicine.
The Theory of the Four Humors describes that the body is composed of four bodily fluids:
Factors, such as appearance and the patient’s overall state, are primordial in finding the cure of illnesses. “And he will manage the cure best who has foreseen what is to happen from the present state of matters” (Book of Prognostics). Moreover, not only is it highly detailed but, it contains the signs, observations, and symptoms of various illnesses. “But to lie upon one’s back, with the hands, neck, and legs extended, is far less favorable. And if the patient incline forward, and sink down to the foot of the bed, it is a still more dangerous symptom” (The Book of Prognostics). There is a strong association with modern day practice because in a hospital visit the physician will do a head to toe assessment that takes into consideration factors such as, appearance, patient history, and mental
De Materia Medica was structured similar to an encyclopedia with different volumes such as, animals, aromas, and herbs roots, seeds and herbs. Not only did it contain drawings of the plants and herbs but, it demonstrated the preparation of various drugs. According to De Materia Medica, “The work presents about 600 plants in all, along with some animals and mineral substances, and around 1000 medicines made from these sources.” It is also imperative to point out that without De Materia Medica various plant names would have been lost. In addition, it demonstrates the variety of drugs used in different times such as the ancient Greek and Romans. It is important because it provided a foundation for European medicine and because it was translated to several languages, it was able to obtain a greater audience.
All in all, Ancient Greek medicine gave birth to various significant theories and ideas vital to the foundation of medicine. I believe that the Theory of the Four Humors, The Book of Prognostics, and De Materia Medica are one of the powerful concepts that have strongly influenced modern medical