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Definition:
In this kind of essay, the aim is to explain the causes (reasons) or the effects (results) of an event or situation.
Example: Causes of air pollution (multiple factors leading to air pollution). Example: Effects of watching too much TV (many effects of a situation).
Sometimes an event causes something to happen, and that situation leads to another event, and it causes another event to happen. This is called the causal chain or domino effect.
Example: Use of deodorants will bring the end of the world. • Chlorofluorocarbon gases are contained in most deodorants and released by some factories into the air. • This gas causes the ozone layer to become thinner and finally disappear in patches. • The unfiltered ultraviolet rays of the sun cause overheating in the poles of the earth, where the icebergs start to melt. • The huge amount of water released from the poles leads to a rise in the sea-level. • The sea will cover the land and this will be the end of the world.
Each major point should be supported with examples and statistics from expert research and opinion that provide evidence that there are some factories and deodorants that release chlorofluorocarbons, that there is a rise in sea-levels etc……..
Example: Thesis statement
Air pollution is caused by the following factors: exhaust gases from cars, uncontrolled factory releases, and burning of low-quality coal for heating.
Cause 1 Exhaust gases from cars A. government does not have enough control B. citizens are not conscientious
Cause 2 Uncontrolled factory gases A. no regular checks on gases released B. factories are inside the borders of residential areas
Cause 3 Burning of low-quality coal for heating A. no governmental control B. other forms of energy too expensive