Animal vs Plant Cells

Animal and Plant cells consist of most of the same cell types, but the whole shape of the cell is quite different. An animal cell is a round, uneven shape, whereas the Plant cell has an affixed shape. They have a more of a rectangular shape.

Chloroplast, Vacuole and the Cell wall are only found in Plant cells. The Chloroplast is the organelle for the whole system of Photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are found in mesophyll cells (which are found in the leaves) of green plants. They convert light into energy; therefore the energy is the plant’s food. The chemical in Chloroplast is called ‘Chlorophyll’; this is the chemical that generates the process of photosynthesis. Vacuoles are found in Animal cells as well, but they are particularly smaller than and not as big as the one or two large vacuoles found in the Plant Cells. Vacuoles store nutrients and waste products, helping increase cell size whilst growing. The organelle ‘vacuole’ also balances turgor pressure in the cell. Water collects in cell Vacuoles, pressing outwards against the cell wall and producing rigidity in the plant. Without enough water, the turgor pressure drops and the plant wilts. Plant cells have a stiff, protective wall made up of ‘Polysaccharides’. The cell wall provides and keeps the shape of the cells and it serves as a protective barrier. Fluid collects in the vacuoles and pushes out against the Cell wall. This creates turgor pressure, which is what makes the leaves or the vegetable/fruit crisp.

Every animal cell contains a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane. These are the most common organelles. The nucleus is the most common and obvious organelle in any Eukaryotic cell. Inside the nucleus is the DNA that is responsible for the unique characteristics of the cell. Cytoplasm is responsible for giving the cell its shape. This is the place where most of the metabolic reactions happen. The cell membrane is like a boundary for the entry and exit of nutrients and waste where there is some important enzyme activities found. To sum it up, there are around 6 differences.
The chloroplast, the vacuole and the cell wall for the Plant cell, and for the animal cell, there is a smaller vacuole, and centrioles.