Annoitated bibliography

Hartman, D., & Zimberoff, D. (2013). Jung and hypnotherapy. Journal of Heart Centered Therapies, 16(1), 3+. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/ps/i.do?action=interpret&id=G ALE%7CA349112092&v=2.1&u=vic_liberty&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&authCou nt=1.
This article gives a brief background of techniques that Carl Jung used. Jung was very successful in performing hypnosis on clients; however he stopped doing hypnosis and concentrated on dream work and active imagination. He felt as though hypnosis was too “suggestive”. These techniques were very similar to hypnosis, but the language and literature was different (Harman & Zimberoff, 2013, p.5). The hypnotic trance state that is drifted into is very helpful in solving conflicts of the psyche. Definitions of hypnosis are discussed. It is best described as an altered or lowering state of consciousness (Harman & Zimberoff, 2013, p.6). Conscious thinking is diminished to make way for more creative, imaginative thinking. This article is very helpful in comparing the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and active imagination. Much like in a dream, unconscious thoughts and memories come to surface and clients sometimes can perform self-hypnosis. The authors go into depth about how brain wave patterns play a part in hypnotherapy. The levels of brain wave activity can be measured to determine the link between the conscious and unconscious state. Hypnosis as well as meditation cause higher levels of brain activity in the areas such as the anterior angulated cortex and hippocampus where theta brain waves occur (Harman & Zimberoff, 2013, p.8). The dream like state helps the individual to showcase underlying functions such as extroversion. Archetypes and complexes are discussed as emerging through an unconscious mind. The article is interesting in the educational form of learning about hypnosis. The authors go into much detail about the actual benefits and effectiveness of hypnotherapy to solve certain psychological problems. The article suggest that underlying functions, such as repressed feelings and alter egos, can emerge through imaginative thinking, meditating, and dreaming in forms of hypnosis. In terms of theories, there does seem to be enough concrete material that suggests that hypnotherapy should be a universal procedure for certain psychological problems.
Beebe, J. (2012). Psychological types in Freud and Jung. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/10.1525/jung.2012.6.3.58.
This article talks briefly about the different typologies of Freud and Jung. Freud was more concerned with unconscious forms of character in terms of psychosexual development. Jung was interested in temperaments of people, such as introverts and extroverts, in conscious states. This article is used to compare and contrast how the two theorists formed their theories. The author starts off by talking about the last time Jung and Freud met and the feud between the two. This information helps to draw the connection between the theorist’s own struggles to their theories. Beebe suggests that Jung’s typology came about my means of his own personal engagement with his own anime, Salome. Jung’s own introversion helped shape his typology ideas. Freud had a similar situation, but he gained his self-realization of himself through a dream. The author gives his own analysis of the dream and determines that Freud was an introvert as well, with an extroverted conscious (Beebe, 2012, p. 65). This information formed the basis as to how Freud reached his own self actualization. According to Beebe, Freud’s thorough compilation of developmental theory through stages according to age is achieved by means of introverted thinking (2012). Through the practice of introspection, both of them let their psyche open their eyes to self actualization. The anima directs the psyche, and this helped them to understand the differences of others (Beebe, 2013,p.68). This article did not go into much detail about the explanations of the typologies of Freud and Jung. Most of the article was centered on introversion vs. extroversion. This was a good resource to learn about the paths that each of them took to form their own unique ideas. The article was informative, but the only way that I can see it helping my research paper is by reiterating the fact that these two theorists used introspection and formed their theories through means of their own self observations. This information could help to prove the validity of the material.
Wood, A. (2003). Alfred adler's treatment as a form of brief therapy. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 33(4), 287. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/217695368?accountid=12085.
This article explains Alfred Adler’s beliefs and how psychotherapy therapies are used by many modern day mental health professionals as an effective form of brief therapy. In the article, the author often refers to Adler’s therapy as a philosophy of life. Wood goes into detail about common practices of Adler and how different they were from other pioneers of his time. According to Wood (2003, p. 288), Adler considered everyone, rich or poor, capable of creating and solving their own problems through their own means. Many of Adler’s quotes were included in the article. Although he did have general perceptions, Adler did not focus on one particular stage of life. He used universal principles that focused on every stage of life from childhood to adulthood. Adler believed in conscious actions and that every action was in line with a goal. Success is the main driving force that makes people move forward, stand still, or regress. He believed that a healthy place in society paves the path to a stable mental state. According to Adler, the goal of treatment was to get the patient to experience social activity, thus helping spark social interest in others (as cited in Wood, 2003, p. 294). Adler believed that individual treatments could be accomplished in 20 sessions or less with the help of community interaction, but still supplied support in between sessions. He approached his clients from an understanding, open-minded standpoint. Modern day psychology is based upon the premise of goal-oriented therapy. The client is more engaged and involved in the treatment. In the article, Health maintenance organization insurance (HMO) guidelines are compared with Adler’s Individual Psychology therapy. Adler’s form of therapy corresponds almost exactly with the current managed care psychological therapy criteria. This article is definitely very persuasive and helpful in applying Adler’s theory to life in the modern day. It was very informative by summarizing the fundamentals of Adlerian therapy.