An Annotated Bibliography
Minder, Raphael. "Crackdowns on Free Speech Rise Across a Europe Wary of Terror." The New York Times. The New York Times, 25 Feb. 2016. Web. 20 June 2016. In this web article, Minder highlights the increased use of hate speech bans and anti-terrorism laws to prosecute illegal protestors in Spain. He alerts us to the fact that protestors claim that these laws are being misapplied to silence opposition. Minder, a graduate of both Oxford and Columbia University where he received a Masters in journalism, notes the recent strengthening of many of these laws to fight the Islamic State. His main example is a case involving street puppeteers who face charges of promoting hate and
“glorifying” terrorism. These are serious charges that could carry with them up to seven years in prison. While Minder does reference the fact that Spanish judges have heard twenty-five cases similar to the puppeteers' case this year, he fails to investigate any of them to see if the protestors' claims are legitimate. Minder also reports that opposition leaders feel that the government is politicizing terrorism to silence dissenters. However, he provides no other facts to verify these statements as well.
McGee, Robert W. "Hate Speech, Free Speech and The University,." Akron Law Review. 24.2 (1991): 363-92. Web. McGee examines hate speech, free speech, and their changing role in higher education, in this 1991 article. McGee examines case law, verdicts and university policies as it related to free speech. His central argument was that during the beginning period of affirmative action free speech was being limited. McGee argues that there was a widespread attack not only at the court level but at the institutional level. McGee quoted law professors from that time noting that this self-censorship was making it hard to have meaningful, intellectual discussion about controversial issues, such as anti-pornography and affirmative action (370). This article serves as an excellent historical resource to examine the affects of limiting free speech over time.