Answer to Guide Questions

ANSWERS TO GUIDE QUESTIONS 1. What happens to the distribution of magnetic flux lines when the iron ring was placed in between the U-magnets?
Magnetic Flux, by definition, is the measure of the quantity or the strength of the magnetic force in a given area, whether a closed or an open area. When the iron ring is placed in between the U-magnets, there has been a region by which has been enclosed, following the area of the iron ring. And according to Gauss’s Law for magnetism, the total magnetic flux on a closed area is equal to zero, thus, creating a space without an iron filling. 2. How does changing the current affect the magnetic force on a wire suspended in a magnetic field?
There are three effects that the current in the loop affects the magnetic force. Given from the equation F=ILBsin∅, two of the effects is that both the current, I, and the length of the loop by which the current passes, L, are directly proportional with the magnetic force, given that the other variables are held constant. Another effect is the direction of the magnetic force: if the angle between the loop and the magnetic field, ∅, is zero, then the magnetic force will also be zero; if the angle is 90° or 270°, then the magnetic force will be maximized but will give a positive and a negative value respectively. A negative value indicates the opposite direction of the magnetic force. 3. What would happen if the magnets in the assemble were not properly arranged, meaning the N pole of one of the magnets is right next to the S pole of the other magnet
The magnetic field lines, outside the magnet, travels from the N-pole to S-pole, thus creating a magnetic field. The loop passes in between the set of N-poles and the opposite S-poles parallel to it. If not arranged properly, then there would be a disturbance with the magnetic field. Instead of travelling from one pole to the opposite one parallel to it, it will travel in the opposite pole beside it. 4. What is the effect of changing the orientation of the loop of wires in the last part of the experiment? What orientation gives the maximum magnetic force? The minimum force?
The last part of the experiment wishes to know the relationship of the magnetic force, F, with regards to the angle, ∅, which is the angle from the magnetic field, B, to the loop. if the angle between the normal of the loop and the magnetic field, ∅, is zero, then the magnetic force will also be zero; if the angle is 90° or 270°, then the magnetic force will be maximized but will give a positive and a negative value respectively. A negative value indicates the opposite direction of the magnetic force.

ANALYSIS 1. Are there regions between permanent magnets where the magnetic field lines intersect? If yes, what’s the implication of this? If no, why don’t the field lines intersect?
None. A single pole produces an invisible line that follows a radial displacement where the magnitudes of the magnetic flux are equal (like the equipotential lines for an electric charge) which are concentric circles, thus, never intersecting. Magnetic field lines are always tangential with this line, thus, also never intersecting and travels from N-pole to S-pole outside the magnet. 2. What does the digital balance reading represent? What does the number of magnets represent? What is the relationship between the two?
The reading on the balance represents the magnetic force in grams. This is detected as the force pushes the magnets in the direction towards the balance giving a positive value. It is crucial to set the balance zero as we put the magnets, so that the zero reading would be the weight of the magnet and that the balance would still read as the force attracts the magnets giving a negative value. The number of magnets represents the magnetic field B; more number of magnets will produce a larger magnetic field. The mass of the magnets are insignificant. Given by the equation F=ILBsin∅, the magnetic field B is directly proportional with the magnetic field F. 3. What orientation of the magnetic field gives the maximum magnetic force? What orientation gives the smallest magnetic force?
As a vector quantity, there are two effects of the magnetic field on the magnetic force with regards of itself only. First is the magnitude of the magnetic field. With more number of magnets, the magnetic field will be stronger, thus, giving a larger magnitude of magnetic field. Second is the direction of the magnetic field. Given from the equation F=ILBsin∅, if the angle between the normal of the loop and the magnetic field, ∅, is zero, then the magnetic force will also be zero, thus, minimum; if the angle is 90° or 270°, then the magnetic force will be maximized but will give a positive and a negative value respectively. A negative value indicates the opposite direction of the magnetic force.

CONCLUSION The first set of experiment on General Physics IV Laboratory ponders on magnetism. It is divided into five parts that are as follows: The first part targets to know the motion of the magnetic lines between two like poles, two unlike poles and with a closed area surface between poles. Magnetic field lines, as we know, are invisible, thus, with the help of iron fillings, the motion of the magnetic lines are made known and with the convention that the lines travel from S-pole to N-pole outside the magnet and from N-pole to S-pole inside a magnet, the direction of the magnetic lines are also made known. From the second to the fifth part of the experiment, the experiment wishes to know the relationship of the magnetic force F with the following: magnetic force, F, current running in the loop, I, length of the loop, L, and the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the loop, ∅, respectively. It is found that the magnetic force, F, is directly proportional with the variables given that the other are held constant. The fifth part of the experiment also shown that given from the equation F=ILBsin∅, if the angle between the normal of the loop and the magnetic field, ∅, is zero, then the magnetic force will also be zero, thus, minimum; if the angle is 90° or 270°, then the magnetic force will be maximized but will give a positive and a negative value respectively. A negative value indicates the opposite direction of the magnetic force. Having done all the procedures properly, I can conclude that all the objectives of the experiment are successfully met.

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