Answers To Digestion Review Questions

Digestion Review Questions
1. Certain organisms are able to store energy from the Sun in energy-rich compounds. Which event best illustrates this activity?
A)
B)
C)
D)

A fox captures and eats a young rabbit.
A caterpillar is eaten by a blackbird.
Lettuce produces organic substances.
Bacteria change organic material into simple nutrients. 2. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic nutrition?
A)
B)
C)
D)

a cow eating grass in a field a mushroom digesting a dead log an apple tree making its own food a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog

3. A biological process that occurs in plants is represented below.

Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process?

A) (1)

B) (2)

C) (3)

D) (4)

4. The diagram below represents a plant cell.

7. Base your answer to the following question on Which activity is illustrated in the diagram of an ameba shown below? A) egestion
C) respiration
For the process of photosynthesis, the arrow labeled A would most likely represent the direction of movement of A)
B)
C)
D)

B) synthesis
D) ingestion

8. The diagram below represents a sequence of events that occurs in living things.

carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy oxygen, sugar, and solar energy carbon dioxide, oxygen, and heat energy sugar, water, and heat energy

5. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents a cross section of a plant structure. Letter X represents
Which letter indicates the region where most photosynthesis takes place?
A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

6. All of the cell shapes shown in the diagrams below have the same volume. Which form could absorb nutrients most efficiently and quickly?
A)

B)

C)

D)

A) inorganic molecules B) organic molecules
C) biological catalysts D) simple sugars

9. The diagram below represents a series of events that occur in living cells.

Which molecule is indicated by X?
A) glucose
C) carbon dioxide

B) ATP
D) protein

12. Base your answer to the following question on Which process is illustrated in the diagrams below?

A) circulation
C) peristalsis

B) absorption
D) ingestion

Base your answers to questions 13 through 15 on on the diagram below of the human digestive system and on your knowledge of biology.

10. The diagram below represents a beaker containing a solution of various molecules involved in digestion.

Which structures represent products of digestion?
A) A and D
C) B and E

B) B and C
D) D and E

11. Which process increases the surface area of foods prior to chemical digestion?
A)
B)
C)
D)

dehydration synthesis excretion mechanical digestion diffusion 13. In which structure does the initial hydrolysis (chemical digestion) of carbohydrates occur?
A) A

B) E

C) C

D) D

14. From which structure are glucose and amino acids normally absorbed into the circulatory system (the blood)? A) F

B) H

C) C

D) E

15. In which structure does extracellular(outside of the cell) chemical digestion of protein begin?
A) G

B) B

C) C

D) E

16. Before starch can enter a cell, it must be
A)
B)
C)
D)

absorbed by simple sugars diffused into simple sugars digested to form simple sugars actively transported by simple sugars

17. Which molecule can diffuse from the digestive tract into the human bloodstream without first being digested? A) protein
C) fat

B) starch
D) glucose

18. Teeth chewing food into smaller digestible pieces is known as
A)
B)
C)
D)

chemical digestion circulation mechanical digestion regulation 19. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents a portion of the human body.

The principal function of structure X is to
A)
B)
C)
D)

produce salivary enzymes secrete sex hormones absorb water digest bile

20. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram and graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents the human digestive system. Pepsin and trypsin are human digestive enzymes. The graph indicates that pepsin would function best in the
A) mouth

B) stomach

C) small intestine

21. Which structures secrete chemicals utilized for the completion of digestion within the small intestine?
A)
B)
C)
D)

liver and pancreas glomerulus and villi esophagus and alveoli gallbladder and pharynx

22. Which foods should be included in a balanced diet as a good source of roughage?
A)
B)
C)
D)

red meat and poultry fresh fruits and vegetables eggs and milk products animal fat and plant oil

23. If a person was unable to break down food particles into molecules that could be absorbed by the body, you would predict
A) there is a malfunction with the digestive system
B) there is a malfunction with the excretory system
C) there is a malfunction with the reproductive system D) there is a malfunction with the circulatory system

D) large intestine

24. Feces is usually about 40 percent water and 60 percent solid matter. Reducing the water content to 20 percent would most likely result in
A) ulcers
C) diarrhea

B) appendicitis
D) constipation

25. Base your answer to the following question on select the organ, chosen from the diagram below, that is most closely related to that malfunction.

A painful condition results from erosion of the surface of this organ by gastric juices.
A) 1

B) 3

C) 2

D) 4

E) 5

26. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below illustrates a biochemical process that occurs in organisms.

The substance labeled "catalyst" is also known as
A) a hormone
C) an antibody

B) an enzyme
D) an inorganic compound

27. Base your answer to the following question on In the reaction illustrated in the diagram below, which structure represents the enzyme?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

28. Base your answer to the following question on The effect of temperature on the relative rate of action of an enzyme is represented in the graph below.

The optimum t(best) emperature for the action of this enzyme is approximately
A) 15°C B) 22°C C) 37°C D) 50°C
29. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below and your knowledge of biology.

Neither enzyme works at a pH of
A) 1

B) 5

C) 3

D) 13

30. Base your answer to the following question on the table below and on your knowledge of biology.

Which enzyme would most likely be functional in bacteria living in a hot spring that is 35°C above normal human body temperature?
A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Answer Key
Digestion Review For Major Test
1.

C

2.

C

3.

B

4.

A

5.

B

6.

B

7.

D

8.

B

9.

B

10.

D

11.

C

12.

C

13.

A

14.

D

15.

C

16.

C

17.

D

18.

C

19.

C

20.

B

21.

A

22.

B

23.

A

24.

D

25.

C

26.

B

27.

B

28.

C

29.

D

30.

A