victim’s race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, and/or disability. Before September 11th Muslims were the least common religious group targeted for hate crimes: 28 in 2000 jumped to 481 in 2001 an increase of 1600%. Within 6 days of the 9/11 attacks the FBI already had 40 hate crime investigations going including 3 murders and 35 cases of arson. Crimes against all other races fell as hate crimes against Muslims and other Middle Eastern immigrants “skyrocketed” subsequent to September 11th. Murder, beatings, arson, attacks on mosques, shootings, and verbal threats are all included in these hate crimes (Ghazali, April 2008). Before September 11th , usually reported hate crimes typically included young male offenders and male victims. But after the events both perpetrators and victims included women, children, senior citizens, and business owners (Coryn, Chris L.S, and Catherine Borshuk, Sept. 2006). Within hours of the attacks physical assaults on American citizens of Arab, Muslim, Sikh, South Asian, even Hispanic descent were targeted for perceived physical similarity to those responsible for the attacks (Coryn, Chris L.S, and Catherine Borshuk, Sept.…