Ap Assignment
Focus On Concepts
Section 15.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
1. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change U in the internal energy of a system is given by U = Q - W, where Q is the heat and W is the work. Both Q and W can be positive or negative numbers. Q is a positive number if ________, and W is a positive number if ________. (a) the system loses heat; work is done by the system (b) the system loses heat; work is done on the system (c) the system gains heat; work is done by the system (d) the system gains heat; work is done on the system
Section 15.4 Thermal Processes
4. The drawing shows the expansion of three ideal gases. Rank the gases according to the work they do, largest to smallest. (a) A, B, C (b) A and B (a tie), C (c) B and C (a tie), A (d) B, C, A (e) C, A, B
6. The pressure–volume graph shows three paths in which a gas expands from an initial state A to a final state B. The change in internal energy is the same for each of the paths. Rank the paths according to the heat Q added to the gas, largest to smallest. (a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 3, 2 (c) 2, 1, 3 (d) 3, 1, 2 (e) 3, 2, 1 Section 15.5 Thermal Processes Using an Ideal Gas
8. An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from A to B, as the graph shows. What can be said about this process? (a) The gas does no work. (b) No heat enters or leaves the gas. (c) The first law of thermodynamics does not apply to an isothermal process. (d) The ideal gas law is not valid during an isothermal process.
(e) There is no change in the internal energy of the gas.
10. A monatomic ideal gas is thermally insulated, so no heat can flow between it and its surroundings. Is it possible for the temperature of the gas to rise? (a) Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done by the gas. (b) No. The only way that the temperature can rise is if heat is added to the gas. (c) Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done on the gas.
Section 15.8 Heat Engines
13. A heat
Section 15.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
1. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change U in the internal energy of a system is given by U = Q - W, where Q is the heat and W is the work. Both Q and W can be positive or negative numbers. Q is a positive number if ________, and W is a positive number if ________. (a) the system loses heat; work is done by the system (b) the system loses heat; work is done on the system (c) the system gains heat; work is done by the system (d) the system gains heat; work is done on the system
Section 15.4 Thermal Processes
4. The drawing shows the expansion of three ideal gases. Rank the gases according to the work they do, largest to smallest. (a) A, B, C (b) A and B (a tie), C (c) B and C (a tie), A (d) B, C, A (e) C, A, B
6. The pressure–volume graph shows three paths in which a gas expands from an initial state A to a final state B. The change in internal energy is the same for each of the paths. Rank the paths according to the heat Q added to the gas, largest to smallest. (a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 3, 2 (c) 2, 1, 3 (d) 3, 1, 2 (e) 3, 2, 1 Section 15.5 Thermal Processes Using an Ideal Gas
8. An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from A to B, as the graph shows. What can be said about this process? (a) The gas does no work. (b) No heat enters or leaves the gas. (c) The first law of thermodynamics does not apply to an isothermal process. (d) The ideal gas law is not valid during an isothermal process.
(e) There is no change in the internal energy of the gas.
10. A monatomic ideal gas is thermally insulated, so no heat can flow between it and its surroundings. Is it possible for the temperature of the gas to rise? (a) Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done by the gas. (b) No. The only way that the temperature can rise is if heat is added to the gas. (c) Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done on the gas.
Section 15.8 Heat Engines
13. A heat