1. The purpose of the pupil is to
(a) focus light on the retina.
(b) process color.
(c) allow light into the eye.
(d) enable night vision.
(e) detect specific shapes.
2. Cells that can respond to specific edges, lines, angles, and movements are called
(a) rods.
(b) cones.
(c) ganglion cells.
(d) feature detectors.
(e) bipolar cells.
3. Signal detection theory is most closely associated with
(a) vision.
(b) sensory adaptation.
(c) absolute thresholds.
(d) hearing.
(e) context effects.
4. Which of the following represents perceptual constancy?
(a) We recognize the taste of McDonald’s food each time we eat it.
(b) In photos with people, the people almost always are perceived as figure and everything else as ground.
(c) We know that the brightness of a printed page has not changed as it moves from sunlight into shadow.
(d) From the time they are very young, most people can recognize the smell of a dentist’s office.
(e) The cold water in a lake doesn’t seem so cold after you have been swimming in it for a few minutes.
5. Our tendency to see faces in clouds and other ambiguous stimuli is partly based on
(a) selective attention.
(b) ESP.
(c) perceptual set.
(d) shape constancy.
(e) bottom-up processing.
6. Our rods and cones _____________ electromagnetic energy into neural messages.
(a) adapt.
(b) accommodate.
(c) parallel process.
(d) transduce.
(e) perceptually set.
7. Which of the following is most likely to influence our memory of a painful event?
(a) The overall length of the event.
(b) The intensity of pain at the end of the event.
(c) The reason for the pain.
(d) The amount of rest you’ve had in the 24 hours preceding the event.
(e) The specific part of the body that experiences the pain.
8. Frequency theory relates to the
(a) rate at which the basilar membrane vibrates.
(b) number of fibers in the auditory nerve.
(c) point at which the basilar membrane exhibits the most vibration.
(d) decibel level of a sound.
(e) number of hair