AP World History Chapter 16 discussion Questions

1. All groups supported the idea of refusing the Catholic Church. Ideas that were expressed during the Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution were focused on exploration of the unknown which carried over to the Enlightenment but was dangerous because the church was the higher power at that time, meaning that those who ignored God were out casted. The Enlightenment was intellectual because it empowered people who were exploring science and reasoning rather than listen to what the church had to say. This was especially dangerous at that time because people were then accused of witch craft. The Enlightenment is a movement toward progress; The Enlightenment was a result of the idea that it was ok to agree with either science or religion, either agree with said people of the enlightenment are meant to question everything
2. The tenets of Lutheranism and Calvinism differed from Catholicism because they had a different ideas on how to reach salvation. The Catholics believed good works would ensure that everyone has salvation, Calvinists believed in predestination, and Lutherans reached salvation through faith. The Catholic Reformation was an answer to the Protestant Reformation but the only thing that the Catholic Reformation accomplished was a re-establishment in the papal papacy power. Calvinist and Lutherans could not practice idolatry unlike Catholicism, the purpose of having simple churches was so that the focus was supposed to be on God,
3. Charles V attempted to unify Europe but it was such a difficult task for him that he eventually quit. His attempt at unification was unsuccessful because of reasons including an increase in royal authority and limiting the power of the Church. Countries such as England and France were also beginning to develop politically centralized states and religious unity. Interfering with their states especially if they were growing so fast would be unsuccessful because his attempt to unify them would be ignored.