Applications of Shape Memory Alloys in Civil Structures
Engineering Structures 28 (2006) 1266–1274 www.elsevier.com/locate/engstruct
Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures
G. Song a,∗ , N. Ma a , H.-N. Li b a Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA b School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
Received 24 June 2004; received in revised form 19 December 2005; accepted 26 December 2005 Available online 17 April 2006
Abstract Shape memory alloy (SMA) is a novel functional material and has found increasing applications in many areas. Recently, research efforts have been extended to using SMA for control of civil structures. This paper presents a review of applications of the SMA materials for passive, active and semi-active controls of civil structures. First, an overview of the characteristics of SMA is presented. The shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity, two major properties of SMA associated with the thermal-induced or stress-induced reversible hysteretic phase transformation between austenite and martensite, are reviewed. These unique properties enable SMA to be used as actuators, passive energy dissipators and dampers for civil structure control. This paper then reviews current research using SMA-based devices for passive, semi-active or active control of civil structures. The operation mechanism, design and experimental results of these SMA-based devices are also presented in the paper. c 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Shape memory alloy; Structural control; Passive vibration damping; Structural rehabilitation
1. Introduction Smart systems for civil structures are described as systems that can automatically adjust structural characteristics in response to external disturbances and/or unexpected severe loading toward structural safety, extension of the structure’s life time, and serviceability [26]. One key technology toward this goal is the development and
Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures
G. Song a,∗ , N. Ma a , H.-N. Li b a Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA b School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
Received 24 June 2004; received in revised form 19 December 2005; accepted 26 December 2005 Available online 17 April 2006
Abstract Shape memory alloy (SMA) is a novel functional material and has found increasing applications in many areas. Recently, research efforts have been extended to using SMA for control of civil structures. This paper presents a review of applications of the SMA materials for passive, active and semi-active controls of civil structures. First, an overview of the characteristics of SMA is presented. The shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity, two major properties of SMA associated with the thermal-induced or stress-induced reversible hysteretic phase transformation between austenite and martensite, are reviewed. These unique properties enable SMA to be used as actuators, passive energy dissipators and dampers for civil structure control. This paper then reviews current research using SMA-based devices for passive, semi-active or active control of civil structures. The operation mechanism, design and experimental results of these SMA-based devices are also presented in the paper. c 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Shape memory alloy; Structural control; Passive vibration damping; Structural rehabilitation
1. Introduction Smart systems for civil structures are described as systems that can automatically adjust structural characteristics in response to external disturbances and/or unexpected severe loading toward structural safety, extension of the structure’s life time, and serviceability [26]. One key technology toward this goal is the development and