Consider the 5 Ws when thinking about history: Who, What, When, Where, & Why/How is it important?
Ch 29 Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
The “real heart” of the progressive movement was effort by reformers to use gov’t as an agency of humanitarian welfare
The political roots of progressive movement lay in – Greenback Labor Party & Populists
Late 19th century social critics & their criticisms: Thorstein Veblen – “conspicuous consumption” & “predatory wealth” new rich class 1899 The Theory of the Leisure Class p.665 (12th ed.)
Jack London – destruction of nature – 1903 The Call of the Wild, etc… p.677 (12th ed.)
Jacob Riis – slum conditions in cities – 1890 How the Other Half Lives p.665
Henry Demarest Lloyd – exposed Standard Oil Co. corruption before Ida Tarbell
1894 Wealth Against Commonwealth p.665
Theodore Dreiser – big business – 1912 The Financier & 1914 The Titan p.665
Not in book – Frank Norris – CA RR abuses – 1901 The Octopus
Progressivism – was closely tied to feminist movement & women’s causes
Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of – their being essentially an extension of women’s traditional roles as wives & mothers (their “sphere” – the “cult of domesticity”)
Early 20th century muckrakers & their targets: David G, Phillips – Corruption in the US Senate in Cosmopolitan in 1906 p.666 Ida Tarbell – Standard Oil Co. in McClure’s in 1904 p.666 (Her father was run out of the oil business by Rockefeller) Lincoln Steffens – corruption of city gov’t in “The Shame of the Cities” in McClure’s in 1902 p.666 Ray Stannard Baker – conditions of Af-Am’s in Following the Color Line in 1908 p.667 *John Spargo – child labor in The Bitter Cry of the Children in 1906 p.667
Lincoln Steffens in a series of articles (for McClure’s magazine) entitled “The Shame of the Cities” unmasked corrupt alliance b/t big