Arab Spring
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Arab Spring (Arabic: الثورات العربية; literally the Arabic Rebellions or the Arab Revolutions) is a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in theArab world. Since 18 December 2010 there have been revolutions in Tunisia[2] andEgypt;[3] a civil war in Libya;[4] civil uprisings in Bahrain,[5] Syria,[6] and Yemen;[7]major protests in Algeria,[8] Iraq,[9] Jordan,[10] Morocco,[11] and Oman,[12] as well as on the borders of Israel,[13] and minor protests in Kuwait,[14] Lebanon,[15]Mauritania,[16] Saudi Arabia,[17] Sudan,[18] and Western Sahara.[19] The protests have shared techniques of civil resistance in sustained campaigns involving strikes, demonstrations, marches and rallies, as well as the use of social media, such asFacebook, Twitter, and YouTube, to organize, communicate, and raise awareness in the face of state attempts at repression and internet censorship.[20] Many demonstrations have also met violent responses from authorities,[21][22][23] as well as from pro-government militias and counter-demonstrators.[24][25][26] A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world has been Ash-sha`b yurid isqat an-nizam ("The people want to bring down the regime").[27]
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[edit]Overview
The series of protests and demonstrations across the Middle East and North Africahas become known as the "Arab Spring",[28][29][30][31][32][33] and sometimes as the "Arab Spring and Winter",[34] "Arab Awakening"[35] or "Arab Uprisings"[36] even though not all participants in protests identify as Arab. It was sparked by the first protests that occurred in Tunisia on 18 December 2010 following Mohamed Bouazizi's self-immolation in protest of police corruption and ill treatment.[37][38]With the success of the protests in Tunisia, a wave of unrest struck Algeria,Jordan, Egypt, and Yemen,[39] then spread to