Preview

Arbitrage Pricing Theory

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
926 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Arbitrage Pricing Theory
“The APT is derived from the premises that asset returns follow a linear returns generating process, and that in well-functioning financial markets, there will be no arbitrage opportunities. On the basis of these assumptions, one can show that there is an equilibrium linear relationship between the returns on risky assets and a small set of economy-wide common factors. While several macroeconomic variables do have some relationship with different risky assets, the APT postulates that the pricing of risky assets depends only on the set of variables whose influence is felt significantly by all risky assets together. This set of variables is known as the common factors of the APT.” (Otuteye 1998)

An arbitrage pricing theory is basically a theory that is copied from an issue model, using alteration or expansion and arbitrage arguments. This theory explains the joining amongst possible returns on securities, given that there are no occasions to create capital over risk-free arbitrage investments. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the APT have developed as two models that have tried to exactly calculate the possible for assets to produce a profit or a loss. They are similar in that they try to calculate an asset's trend to track the overall market however APT tries to split market risk into lesser risks. Irrespective, it is very problematic to guess which organisations are strategically located properly into the upcoming future in the right rising markets.
Bodie describes CAPM as, “The capital asset pricing model is a set of predictions concerning equilibrium expected returns on risky assets. Harry Markowitz laid down the foundation of modern portfolio management in 1952. The CAPM was developed 12 years later in articles ………… The time for this gestation indicates that the leap from Markowitz’s portfolio selection model to the CAPM is not trivial.” (Bodie, 2011, p 308) The difference between CAPM and arbitrage pricing theory is that CAPM has a single

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    William F, S., 1964. Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of…

    • 2606 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    FIN402 Final Exam

    • 695 Words
    • 2 Pages

    3) Compare and contrast the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT)? Which model is appropriate for calculating a stock's required rate of return? What is the Securities Market Line and which of the above models is it a product of?…

    • 695 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The intuition behind CAPM is that the expected return on a stock is comprised of the risk free rate and the market risk premium. The market risk premium consists of both business risk or the firm’s sensitivity to business cycles and financial risk or the amount of long-term debt the firm carries. The more debt a firm holds the more susceptible to systematic risk the firm will be. For example, higher fixed interest payments will be especially detrimental to the firm during market recessions. The beta on a levered firm reflects both business and financial risk. Thus, CAPM concludes that a stock’s risk premium is beta times the market risk premium. Adding the risk free rate will give us the cost of equity. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital is determined by taking the percentage of equity at market value…

    • 808 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Capital Asset Model is an economic model for valuing stocks, bonds, and other assets and relating the risk with the expected return. The Capital Asset Model is based on the premise of the investor will demand risk premium which is simply what they expect to get back, for the additional risk taken. The Capital Asset Model uses a system that divides the portfolio 's risk into systematic and specific risk. Systematic risk is the risk of holding the market portfolio. As the market moves, each individual asset is more or less affected. Specific risk is the risk which is unique to an individual asset. It represents the asset returns with general market moves.…

    • 269 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Finance 301 Exam 2

    • 1191 Words
    • 4 Pages

    3. CAPM is equal to the cost of capital, which provides a usable measure of risk for the investor and their investment. It let’s investors know if they will get the return they deserve prior to making any decisions. Also, the higher the risk the higher a return could be.…

    • 1191 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    ECON 132A is a course in investment analysis. The course introduces institutional aspects of securities, securities markets, and emphasizes security valuation and how risk/return tradeoffs of assets determine their values. Current theories of and developments in capital markets theory are appropriately addressed in class discussion. The class lectures will, in general, concentrate on the analytical material of the course. Learning “Investment Analysis” demands extensive individual effort outside of class.…

    • 1004 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    “CAPM is a model that describes the relationship between risk and expected return and that is used in the pricing of risky securities.”("Capital asset pricing,") It looks at the risk and rates or return and compares them to the stock market. While it is impossible to have no risk, CAPM helps calculate investment risk with the return on investment that is predictable and expected. “The CAPM says that the expected return of a security or a portfolio equals the rate on a risk-free security plus a risk premium. If this expected return does not meet or beat the required return, then the investment should not be undertaken.” ("Capital asset pricing,") So how does the model work? CAPM starts with the idea that individual investment contains two types of risk. The first is a systematic risk which is market risks that cannot be diversified away. Examples of systematic risks include interest rates, recessions and wars. “The second is an unsystematic risk or specific risk that is specific to individual stocks and can be diversified away as the investor increases the number of stocks in his or her portfolio. In more technical terms, it…

    • 1214 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Comparison of mutual funds

    • 2266 Words
    • 10 Pages

    CAPM uses a single factor, beta to compare a portfolio with the market as a whole. (Car hart, 1997)…

    • 2266 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    CAPM results can be compared to the best expected rate of return that investor can possibly earn in other investments with similar risks, which is the cost of capital. Under the CAPM, the market portfolio is a well-diversified, efficient portfolio representing the non-diversifiable risk in the economy. Therefore, investments have similar risk if they have the same sensitivity to market risk, as measured by their beta with the market portfolio.…

    • 1337 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    FINC5001_Major_Assignment

    • 679 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Fama, E., and French, K. 2004, ‘The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory and Evidence’. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 25-46.…

    • 679 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    How can the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) be used to estimate the cost of capital for real (not financial) investment decision?…

    • 1434 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Nike Memo

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages

    CAPM as opposed to the Dividend Discount Model and Earnings Capitalization Ratio, was the appropriate approach to valuing the cost of equity because it more adequately equates for the companies risk and time value of money. The dividend discount model fails to take into account the companies riskiness, and the Earnings Capitalization ratio is too reliant on the company’s debt.…

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Kürschner, M. ed (2008) Limitations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): Criticism and New Developments Scholary Paper, Norderstedt, GRIN Verlag.…

    • 2838 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    | This germinal theory depicts that dividends and capital structures are irrelevant in the determination of stock prices in the market. (Miller-Modigliani, 1958; Chew, 2001). Instead the market value of a firm is based on the earning power of the assets currently held and on the size and relative profitability of the investment opportunities, which is independent of its capital structure. (Miller-Modigliani, 1958…

    • 2233 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    APT, which stands for Arbitrage Pricing Theory, and CAPM, which stand for Capital Asset Pricing Model, are both valuation tools used to determine the expected returns of a stock, security or other type of investment. The main difference between the two is that the Capital Asset Pricing Model basically relies on one predetermined variable to account for the market, whereas the Arbitrage Pricing . Theory can account for any number of factors, either related to the investment itself, or to the market. Due to this, the Capital Asset Pricing Model tends to be more widely used, as it is simpler, but the Arbitrage Pricing Theory is much more likely to give an accurate representation of the return the investment will give.The formula for the Arbitrage Pricing Theory is: r = rf + (??1f1 + ??2f2 + ??3f3 + ...). "r" is the expected return of the investment, "rf" is the best rate of return that does not involve any risk, each "f" listed -represents a specific factor (whether it be market- or investment- related), and each "??" (beta) is the relationship between the price of the investment itself, and how much the individual factor affects it. This theory was first proposed by Stephen Ross in 1976.The Capital Asset Pricing Model, on the other hand, is more of a statistical…

    • 457 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics