The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) originated on July 29, 2002 due to fraudulent bookkeeping practices and misleading financial reports from large corporations. These practices created a number of accounting scandals, which resulted in this in the government creating such an act. The purpose was to prevent and punish corporate corruption and, along the way, try to repair investor confidence. The law was passed by congress after well-known companies (Enron, Peregrine Systems and Tyco International, to name a few) caused great humiliations to its investors, which in result cost them billions of dollars. The share prices of the affected companies collapsed, which shook public confidence in the nation’s securities markets.…
The biggest way that SOX impacted financial reporting is that it ended self-regulation of the public accounting industry. SOX achieved this by establishing a independent, non-profit organization called the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). The PCAOB is given authority by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) to regulate and enforce the regulations and provisions of the accounting industry established by SOX. The mission of the PCAOB is to ““protect the interests of investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, fair, and independent audit reports” (PCAOB, Our Mission). Under the regulations of SOX and the PCAOB, it’s now required for all accounting firms to be registered. This makes it illegal for an unregistered firm to provide auditing services for publicly-traded companies. A few of the large roles of the PCAOB are to perform investigations of questionable accounting practices, hold disciplinary hearings, and to impose sanctions upon firms and individuals whose auditors are caught letting wrongdoings go unnoticed (Lasher, 2008, p. 190-191). Another way that SOX seeks to restore the integrity of financial statements is by removing a conflict of interest that existed during the 1990s. This conflict of interest existed when accounting firms that…
History of SOX - the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is legislation in response to the high profile financial scandals, such as seen with Enron and WorldCom. The purpose of this act is to protect shareholders and the general public from accounting errors and fraudulent business practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act introduced stringent new rules to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws. Sarbanes-Oxley is not a set of business practices and does not specify how a business should store records; rather, Sarbanes-Oxley defines which records are to be stored and for how long.…
Financial reporting has been dissected over and over again by legislation. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) hold the key to providing protection and integrity when companies are submitting their financial statements. Although their mission is to provide order and efficiency for financial markets, insidious plans are still developed by companies which ultimately result in turmoil to the economy. To provide a safeguard to investors, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was passed by congress in 2002, which was constructed because of fraudulent acts of well-known companies such as Enron. Before the SOX was inaugurated, two sets of accounting rules were used as guides for CPA firms.…
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was put in to place as a way of preventing and deterring future accounting fraud, protecting shareholders, and increasing confidence in public company financial reporting. However, SOX has imposed tremendous new duties and costs on public companies and accounting firms. Some individuals may call it an object failure while SOX hoped to create more confidence in capital markets it does not prevent fraud or abuse from occurring.…
Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley drafted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or "SOX" in 2002 in order to curb the incidence of corporate fraud. The “Act” was signed into law on July 30th 2002 by President George W. Bush with the express purpose of restoring public confidence in the financial markets; and after enacting “the Act”, neither Sarbanes or Oxley would run for re-election in the 2006 elections (Jahmani & Dowling, 2008). The intent of the SOX Act was to protect investors, and any other stakeholders in a company, by improving the validity and reliability of corporate disclosures, such as financial statements and earnings reports, pursuant to existing securities laws and regulations governing publically traded companies (Kessel, 2011). The SOX Act holds corporate Chief…
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act created problems in the business environment during the first year, auditing cost rose to staggering proportions, and many public firms went private as a way of avoiding the cost of complying with this law. The SOX Act was intended to improve corporate governance an increase transparency of financial audits. The act was to restore public confidence in Corporate America, change the way accountants did business, set standards, and enforce stricter criminal penalties.…
Some of the key provisions in the SOX act are, the corporate management review the financial statements and certify…
Senator Paul Sarbanes and Represenatative Michael Oxley partnered to draft the act prior to 2002. Their goal was to develop legislation that would protect consumers, mainly investors, from companies who would fraudulently report accounting numbers to avoid taxes, regulations, or other barriers that kept the company from maximizing it’s profits. The SOX Act holds company CEO's and CFO's responsible for the information presented by their company in financial statements. It created new standards of accountability for corporations as well as penalties of those standards of accountability are not met. SOX established new financial reporting…
I. Imagine your favorite sports team playing in the championship game against their biggest rival. Keep that scenario in your mind.…
One other news story that has been trending the past couple weeks is the story of Tim Tebow trying to pursue another dream of playing baseball at the Major League level. The social media world lit up when reports surfaced that the New York Mets signed Tebow to a minor league contract to play in the instructional league. The former New York Jets quarterback now finds himself in familiar territory, but in a whole new world when it comes to sports. We have seen in the past this trend of professional athletes playing two sports in their careers. The great Bo Jackson and Deion Sanders both shined in the NFL and in Major League baseball. Not comparing Tim Tebow in a sense that he is on their level, but the amount of media coverage he is getting from…
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(SOX which is also known as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act was enacted in July, 30, 2002 as a prompt response to the financial crimes scandals (Adelphia, Enron, WorldCom, Peregrime Systems , Arther Anderson and Tyco International). SOX establishes new, stricter standards for all US publicly traded companies. It does not apply to privately companies. The Act is administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which deals with compliance, rules and requirements. The Act also created a new agency, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, which is in charge of overseeing, regulating, inspecting, and disciplining accounting firms in their roles as auditors of public companies. In my opinion, the benefits of the act cant be able to overcome the frustration and the cost of it.…
Hunter’s article examines how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX Act) is too stringent and gives too much power over companies to governing bodies, i.e. the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) (Hunter, 2007). It discusses how the SOX Act is unfair to domestic and foreign and small and large companies, their shareholders, and the public. The piece explains how the Act may compel some companies to use unethical actions to conduct business and prevent accruing penalties (Hunter, 2007).…
The modern environmental justice movement began in the mid- 20th century, when the country realized that the environment needed help. This movement throughout the last several decades has evolved from protecting woodland areas from deforestation to protection against the gas industry. Hydraulic fracturing is the process by which natural gas is extracted from the earth’s shales. The process begins with drilling through several layers of the earth, like the freshwater aquifer. Next, water with “fracking fluid” is injected into the drilled area to crack the shale. This water comes back up to the surface and is put into a pit to evaporate. The natural gas flows up, and is then stored. The process is simple enough, but so are the consequences. Hydraulic fracturing has detrimental environmental consequences and should be banned.…
DeVos’ plan to revoke this letter produces two separate sides that are either for or against whether or not it would be beneficial to rescind the guidance presented in this letter from 2011. As I did my research into this particular issue, it became apparent to me that most media, news articles, and forums were strictly against Secretary DeVos’ plan to remove the guidelines in place. It seems that there were two main reasons people were against her plan. According to civil rights attorney Alexandra Brodsky, most are against Devos’ intention to rescind the guidance because they strongly believe that although the laws do not change, removing this helpful language would, however, make the guidelines of reporting and acting against sexual assault…