Arsenic in Drinking Water
ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER
Arsenic in Drinking Water:
Effect on Health
ABSTRACT:
Drinking water can be contaminated with arsenic through natural resources such as soils and rocks, but it also results from human activities. Long-term ingestion of arsenic exposure through drinking water can cause multiple adverse health effects including cardiovascular, pulmonary, immunological, neurological effects and endocrine problems such as diabetes. Ingestion of arsenic-rich water can increase the risk of skin, bladder, liver, lung, and kidney cancer. Arsenic in drinking water is a global problem and multiple studies done all around the world. One of the studies conducted in Bangladesh that confirmed that long-term ingestion of arsenic exposure can cause serious respiratory problems. For example, the occurrence ratio for chronic bronchitis increased with increasing exposure. When arsenic exposure was less than or equal to 600 mg/L, the prevalence ratio was 1.6. When arsenic exposure was increased to 601 to 700 mg/L, the prevalence ratio was 2.7. One study showed bladder cancer and lung cancer mortality rate elevated due to chronic exposure to drinking water. The Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMRs) for bladder cancer in men was 6 and in women 8.2 and for lung cancer, SMR in men was 3.8 and in women 3.1. In one of the cross-sectional study, it showed that rates of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and preterm birth were 2.9, 2.24, and 2.54 times higher, respectively, in the exposed group (exposed to arsenic-rich water) compared with unexposed group. This explained that chronic exposure to arsenic contaminated drinking water and prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes have positive relationship. The study conducted in Iran explained that drinking arsenic contaminated water can also leads to dermatological lesions, hypertension, and chromosomal abnormalities. Based on study, inorganic arsenic exposure through drinking can also develop type 2 diabetes.
Arsenic in Drinking Water:
Effect on Health
ABSTRACT:
Drinking water can be contaminated with arsenic through natural resources such as soils and rocks, but it also results from human activities. Long-term ingestion of arsenic exposure through drinking water can cause multiple adverse health effects including cardiovascular, pulmonary, immunological, neurological effects and endocrine problems such as diabetes. Ingestion of arsenic-rich water can increase the risk of skin, bladder, liver, lung, and kidney cancer. Arsenic in drinking water is a global problem and multiple studies done all around the world. One of the studies conducted in Bangladesh that confirmed that long-term ingestion of arsenic exposure can cause serious respiratory problems. For example, the occurrence ratio for chronic bronchitis increased with increasing exposure. When arsenic exposure was less than or equal to 600 mg/L, the prevalence ratio was 1.6. When arsenic exposure was increased to 601 to 700 mg/L, the prevalence ratio was 2.7. One study showed bladder cancer and lung cancer mortality rate elevated due to chronic exposure to drinking water. The Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMRs) for bladder cancer in men was 6 and in women 8.2 and for lung cancer, SMR in men was 3.8 and in women 3.1. In one of the cross-sectional study, it showed that rates of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and preterm birth were 2.9, 2.24, and 2.54 times higher, respectively, in the exposed group (exposed to arsenic-rich water) compared with unexposed group. This explained that chronic exposure to arsenic contaminated drinking water and prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes have positive relationship. The study conducted in Iran explained that drinking arsenic contaminated water can also leads to dermatological lesions, hypertension, and chromosomal abnormalities. Based on study, inorganic arsenic exposure through drinking can also develop type 2 diabetes.