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In the beginning, before proper study and research, psychiatric disorders were commonly thought of as problems of the mind, or of a religious nature. Thankfully through years of poking and prodding and detailed research on those that suffered from mental illnesses, we have found that there is more than a just problematic mind or religious issues to be at hand. Dysfunctional brains and fluctuating chemicals within the brain and body are main causal factoring in psychiatric illnesses. This week’s assignment is asking us to touch base on Schizophrenia, Depression, Mania, Anxiety, and Tourette syndrome as well as …show more content…
One theory of cause is that genetics, birth complications, early infections, autoimmune reactions, toxins, traumatic injury, and stress play the major factors in this diagnosis. (Pinel, 2011) Altered courses of neurodevelopment are the biggest theory by far. Another theory proposed is the release of dopamine through receptors. One theory posed that an elevated amount of dopamine caused Schizophrenia, whereas another theory posed that not enough dopamine but rather the elevated activity at dopamine receptors being a causal route of the diagnosis. Further research has pinpointed this to be a more accurate theory with activity levels and the body’s chemical release and reactions being altered from that of an individual without this diagnosis. Schizophrenia is associated with widespread brain damage; this caused a problematic finding against the dopamine theory. Pinel (2011) states that little evidence of specific structural damage to dopamine circuits was found through research as well as the finding that the Dopamine theory provides no rationale for the diffuse pattern of typical brain damage. Neuroleptic medications have proven most helpful in helping individuals cope with the symptoms of this …show more content…
Another theory of Depression and Mania is Monoamine Theory of Depression, this is the theory that there is a deficient in Monoamine within the body’s chemical release. In our reading we are presented with another theory Diathesis-Stress Model of depression (Pinel,2011). The diathesis-stress model poses that some people have a genetic susceptibility, or diathesis, to depression. This idea is based on the ideology that people suffering from depression release more stress hormone than those that do not suffer from the disorder. The downside to medication therapy is once again the chance of long term effects as well as dependency or the inability to cope outside of medication