Adolf Hitler was leader of the national socialists party and chancellor and fuhrer of Germany. He was chancellor from January 30th, 1933, and, after Paul Von Hindenburgs death, assumed the twin titles fuhrer and chancellor. (August 2, 1934).
Mussolini gained support from the king of italy and many landowners/ factory owners and upper class people by using his blackshirt militias to put an end to socialists strikes. This, combined with other factors, resulted in the kind appointing Mussolini as prime minister. it was after this that his supporters marched on rome as a victorious show of force. over time, he gradually transferred more powers to himself, until he could fire non fascists from the cabinet and could eventually name himself Duce.
Hirohito became emperor on the death of his father in December 1926. He therefore became the 124th emperor in direct lineage.
Once he was the undisputed leader - the Vozhd (meaning Boss) he continued to use the position of General Secretary of the Communist Part to promote loyal supporters and demote, or expel from the party those who he could not be sure about.
Stalin used the job of General Secretary to promote people loyal to him, to remove from the party people who were disloyal and to collect information on every party member.
From the mid 1930s began to use show trials - public events where the accused had to follow a script, nearly always ending in a guilty verdict, and purges - expelling great numbers from the party and arresting people arbitrarily.
Lenin (the leader of the Bolsheviks) was very concerned that the brutal thug who had been very useful to the party when they were an underground, illegal organization, would prove to be a thuggish influence if given government office.
Once the Bolsheviks had seized power Stalin was promoted to General Secretary of the Party.
Sudetenland is the German name (used in English in the first half of the twentieth century) to refer