medieval catapult used for hurling heavy stones. The trebuchet is thought to have been invented by the Chinese and made it’s way to Europe by…
Boudicca’s warriors one by one. The design of the javelin meant that upon impact it would bend. This meant that if it were to be thrown back it would do little harm to the well armoured Romans.…
that occurred during this time. The Black Death caused lots of distress to many people…
For close combat he also used a sharp, lightweight saber with which he could cut and slash with one hand. He adopted the idea of a trebuchet from the Chinese, “a catapult powered by the drop of a heavy counterweight, threw objects even faster than the torsion catapult” (page 94). Genghis Khan also made use of the ballista which was a “mechanical device that shot large arrows that could damage buildings and structures and kill any person or animal in its path” (page…
Catapults were one of the most terrorizing and powerful weapons of Ancient Greece and Rome. They were able to destroy enemy defense and turned sieges in favor of the offensor. They also operated with deadly precision and could fire massive boulders huge distances. (Foley and Soedel 5). Catapults were some of the biggest engineering marvel of Ancient times, and marked the first time many engineering and management techniques that we see today were used. And these new engineering practices let the catapult become one of the most significant weapons of Ancient Greece and Rome. The catapult had a large impact on warfare in Ancient Greece and Rome because they were accurate, powerful, and had a large impact of siege warfare. They also were able…
* Ballista- “This is a two-armed torsion device invented by the Greeks. It works similar to a crossbow, but instead of a flexible bow, it uses two stiff arms powered by twisted rope skeins like an Onager. The ballista predates the Onager by several centuries and was used to hurl stones (lithobolos style ballista) and also bolts or darts.” ("All about Catapults.") (2-talent caliber)…
One of the many siege weapons used during the crusades was the Trebuchet. It was extremely important to sieges and resembles the catapult, however the trebuchet was more complicated, intercut and damaging than its close relative. The trebuchet used a sling attached on one end to a wooden beam with a heavy weight at the other end of the beam. The beam was fixed at the top of two vertical supported arms to balance the horizontal, elevated beam. The trebuchet was loaded using a crank and pulley system to lower the sling side of the beam and raise the heavy weight side. Then the rope holding down the sling side was loosed which, in turn, would drop the weight causing the sling attached to the arm to quickly raise up releasing the projectile. The trebuchet had a very versatile arsenal, it was capable of firing boulders, sharp wooden poles and darts, fire, burning tar, burning sand, dung, dead and sometimes mutilated bodies or even disease ridden bodies, body parts, and dead animals, all of which caused utter chaos inside the castle walls. The force of the Trebuchet was capable of reducing castles, fortresses and cities to rubble with its immense firing power and its ability to launch up to 2000 missiles a day. The trebuchet was an extremely important and vital piece of any siege, capable of destroying even the most fortified cities, however its one downfall was its immobility. Trebuchets were built on-site…
I. Music of the Medieval World (“When God saw that many men were lazy, and gave themselves only with difficulty to spiritual reading, He wished to make it easy for them, and added the melody to the Prophet’s words, that all being rejoiced by the charm of music, should sing hymns to Him with gladness.” -St. John Chrysostom [345-407]. 1:53)…
The use of Heralds dates back to the Medieval Era. They were originally messengers hired by kings and nobles to convey messages or proclamations. During battles, for example, the heralds would be sent to relay messages of truce or to decide victory. The battles were sometimes started by people of power sending their heralds to challenge other armies. In the late Middle Ages, they began to be used as overseers of tournaments and the masters of ceremony.…
During the eight centuries of the Spanish War of the Reconquest ( from 711-1492 A.D.), the Moors,knights, and Christians, not comfortable killing one another, would allow themselves (once in a while) a respite; but in order for them to not become bored, and also to release their “manly” instincts, they would all compete in this hunting expedition existing in the Iberian lands. Deer and other lax animals were easy prey, and while a cornered bear or boar would put up a fight, it was never a challenge for the valiant knights. However, the scenario was never the same when they faced the Iberian bull. This beast, with its unique noble bravery would, when provoked, rather die fighting than flee - transforming the hunt into a challenging exchange in which the bravest of warriors could bring their outermost courage. Perhaps a nobleman with a daring spirit thought about capturing several of these horned beasts, taking them to their village, and recreating the thrill of a hunt so that the knights would demonstrate their skill and win the admiration of the subjects. Thus, in a small corner of Medieval Spain, the beginning of what today is Spanish spectacle of bullfighting was created.…
The first source is a textbook excerpt created by A. Roehm, M. Buske, H. Webster and E. Wesley in the year of 1954. The point of view of this source is that the “Dark Ages in Europe” were chaotic and terrible. This point of view is conveyed through the quotes, “During the early Middle Ages much of Europe passed through a time of turmoil and confusion, of ignorance and lawlessness.” and “The Germanic Kingdoms which had been set up by 476 were unable to suppress violence. There were so many highway robbers that travel became dangerous. Europe suffered a decline in commerce and manufacturing, in education, in literature and the arts, and in almost all that makes possible a high civilization.”…
Fourteenth century Europe could be best described as the “Dark Ages” of Europe. Between 1300 and 1450, Europe experienced series of catastrophic moments from economic difficulties, plague, war to increased crime and violence. The Black Death caused Florence to lost between one half and two-thirds of its 1347 population of 85,000. War also played an important part in Europe’s history. The Hundred Years’ Year (1337-1453) brought social and economic difficulties to both France and England. In France, hundred and thousands of acres of farmland were destroyed turning France into a shamble. Although the war provided unusual opportunities for all social groups, when the war ended knights and nobles went back…
New England was the colonial region had the best chance to be a country. New England seemed to have a little of everything. It has agriculture, manufacturing, shipbuilding and fishing. The Middle Colonies and the South were mostly farming areas. So New England had the best of everything and could have been a country and been successful.…
Measuring 18 to 20 feet long this cannon fired metal balls weighing up to 80 pounds. These culverins were highly inaccurate but deadly if it hit on target. The inaccuracy of these weapons stemmed from the charge stimulator at the end of the barrel seriously affected the spin of the ball upon firing. Even though there were still many issues with these two new siege weapons, their future development would prove to be deadly to fortifications of the future.…
During the Medieval period, European society was divided into three estates. The first estate included the Holy church, and it made up about 5-10% of the population. The second estate was the nobles, knights, and warrior, and they also made up 5-10% of the population. The majority of the population was made up of the commons, the third estate. The only form if government the medieval times had was feudalism. Feudalism is a loose system of government where vassals give their obedience and service in exchange for land and protection. This form of government helped the lesser lords.…