Preview

Battle Of Thermopylae Research Paper

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1358 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Battle Of Thermopylae Research Paper
Tareik Horne
Bossier Parish Community College
History 101 Western Civilization
5:00-7:50 P.M.
Dr. Roshunda Belton
9/21/14
Battle of Thermopylae
The Battle of Thermopylae started out in the late summer of 480 B.C, the Spartan King Leonidas 1 held out for three days with a mere 300 hoplites against thousands upon thousands of the best Great King’s troops. Under thirty-five Persian generals, were assembled for the invasion of Greece, five whom where sons of the royal house. On the arrival of Xerxes at Thermopylae, he saw the that place was defended by a large of number of Spartans, and about seven thousand hoplites from other states, commanded by the Spartan King Leonidas.
That night Xerxes sent a spy ahead, he learned that a
…show more content…
An Athenian hoplite carried a heavy 9 foot spear, wore a solid breastplate and carried an almost body-length shield. The Persian infantryman, contrast, wore little more than robes and carried a shorter sword and a wicker or cane shield. Therefore, close-quarter combat favored the Athenians. The Persian disadvantage was exacerbated by the Greek use of the Phalanx formation, an eight hoplite by eight-hoplite square.
The two armies fought together on the plain of Marathon for a length of time; and in the mid-battle the barbarians were victorious, and broke and pursed the Greeks into the inner county; but on the two wings the Athenians and the Plateaens defeated the enemy. Having so done, they suffered the routed barbarians to fly at their ease, and joining the two wings conquered them.
Therefore the Athenians secured in this way seven of the vessels; while with the reminder the barbicans pushed off, and taking aboard their Eretrian prisoners form the island where they had left them, doubled Cape Sunium, hoping to reach Athens before the return of the Athenians, and because of that The Athenians defeated a Persian army in the battle of Marathon.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    | Spartan land forces and Athenian sea forces were superior to the much larger Persian armies and navies.…

    • 1565 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The pass was about 330 feet in width. Leonities tactics helped him defend the large Persian fleet by creating a battle formation called Phalanx formation in which the men formed a wall of overlapping shields and protruded their spears out from the sides of the shields. This war tactic helped defend the persian attack because since the pass was only 330 feet wide Xerxes couldn't call his army to all attack at once they had to attack in waves so that made it easier for the spartans to hold off the massive persian army. Xerxes attacked greece because Darius originally attacked Greece because the Athenians gave support to the "Ionian Revolt" against Persian rule in Asia Minor. Darius's army was decisively defeated at the Battle of Marathon in the first attempt to invade Greece. After Darius died his son, Xerxes, vowed revenge for his father's defeat at the Battle of…

    • 597 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Persian soldiers were career soldiers unlike most Greeks who were citizen soldiers, only performing their military duties when war was upon them. The notable exception to this was, of course,…

    • 550 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Battle of Thermopylae is shrouded in fluctuating estimations and conflicting historic accounts. There is as much myth, legend and mystery surrounding the actual battle as we have historical records for it. Historians from ancient Greece were very biased and so we must find a middle ground between accounts to have an educated opinion of what really happened. The most speculation involves the actual numbers and count of each side; the Greek forces and the Persian forces. Greek accounts say the Persians numbered over a million. Herodotus even exclaims the Persian forces reached up to 2.6 million strong. We know today that this would hardly have been possible and that Herodotus had probably greatly exaggerated in his writings to glorify the Greeks.…

    • 1566 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Greeks had chosen to defend a narrow pass, or gap, between the mountains of central Greece and the sea, called Thermopylae. This pass was part of the route into Greece from the north. King Leonidas of Sparta rounded up 300 of Sparta’s most elite soldiers with the help of 7000 Greek soldiers from other states marched for an attempt to block the only road by which the massive Persian army could pass, while the small army knew they would face a large army which would end up to be over 100,000 Persians.…

    • 423 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    While strongest at the front, the phalanx's main weakness was on the right flank and to the rear. Once engaged in battle the heavy armor and close quarters did not allow the phalanx to easily address attacks from either of those directions. Although the battle of Thermopylae was a decisive Persian victory, the employment of the phalanx formation proved to be a useful and superior strategy there as roughly fourteen hundred Hoplite led by King Leonidas and three hundred Spartans held their ground for a week (three spent fighting) halting Persian advancement and causing numerous casualties. Were it not for a traitor exposing a path to the rear of the Greek positionallowing the Persian forces to surround the Greek position, there's no way of knowing how long this small force could have fought or whether or not they could have been victorious.…

    • 762 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The reasons for the Greek victory against the Persians in 490 to 480/479 BC was a mixture of exceptional leadership, skilful tactics and strategy, superior weapons and soldiers, and Greek unity. Strong leadership was the most important aspect of the Greek defence, as without the intelligence and bravery of the leaders, the Greeks would have been easily defeated. As a result of the excellent leadership; Greek tactics, strategy, and unity were greatly strengthened. Combined with their better weapons and soldiers, the Greeks held the advantage and seized opportunities at the perfect moment. Also, with each victory the Greeks grew more confident of success and defiant of the Persian attempts to invade. The poor organisation and disarray of their enemy led to an undermining of the Persian might and further improved Greece's chances of success.…

    • 2672 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Battle Of Thermoplyae

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages

    This refusal was taken back to Xerdes and the Persian Army proceeded to attack Sparta on their 5th day at Thermopylae. Xerxes ordered over 5,000 archers to fire arrows at the Greeks. The greeks were wearing protective gear including metal helmets and hand held shields. This gear protected them from the the arrows and very few Spartans were lost in the battle.…

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Greek offensive, although contributed to Miltiades as a brilliant strategic decision, is an important historiographical issue for modern historians. Herodotus tells us that opinion among the Athenian commanders was divided with some opposed to attacking with their heavily outnumbered force. Others, especially Miltiades supported an offensive strategy. Miltiades is credited with persuading the war archon Callimachus through a stirring speech to cast his deciding vote in favour of an offensive strategy. Herodotus in his narrative has Miltiades say ‘If we refuse to fight, I have little doubt that the result will be bitter”. However it has also been suggested that the Greek offensive was based on the apparent absence of the Persian cavalry which Herodotus fails to mention. This is puzzling as most modern historians acknowledge that a Persian cavalry force had already disembarked from the fleet onto land and Herodotus said the Persians chose Marathon because it was “the best ground for cavalry to manoeuvre in.”. It has also been assumed that Miltiades deployed the Greek phalanx with strong wings and a weak centre, a strategy that secured…

    • 1132 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Persians outnumbered the Greeks, so Leonidas positioned his troops in the Thermopylae pass. Because the pass was quite narrow, the Persians, who were used to rampant fighting on open fields, could not use all of their troops at once; therefore, it was easy for the Greek hoplites to wipe them out. This battle is not the best example of terrain manipulation because the Greeks lost on the third day. It was wise to hold the Persians at a natural chokepoint, but the Greeks ultimately were trapped when Ephialtes showed Xerxes a goat pass, leading to the Greeks’ backs. The Thermopylae pass was effective for a while, but caused the defeat of Leonidas’ troops; the Greeks used the Artemisium strait in a similar way to fight the…

    • 491 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    How Did Sparta Decline

    • 872 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Sparta simply believed that the Lycurgus system did not need to be altered. Furthermore, they were against Spartans having too much wealth or personal power. As a result, the Lycurgus system's rigidity produced a closed society plagued by the effects of inbreeding. Some historians agree that "the Spartan hegemony 'perished through 'oliganthropia'' - a lack of men. This is not because of a population decrease in Laconia but just a lack of men of the Spartan citizen class who could serve as hoplites, called 'homoioi' or 'Spartiates.'" The number of men that Sparta could call upon to send into battle diminished appreciably during the 5th and early 4th centuries B.C. This was not solely due to reduced numbers of men but also partly because they were reluctant to leave Laconia unguarded and tended to send fewer men to battle than they could have. In the 5th century battle at Thermopylae against the Persians, only 300 Spartans and 1,000 allies held off the massive invasion of Persia's King Xerxes that is estimated to number over 120,000 men. According to Herodotus, however, there were probably 8,000 Spartiates available to be deployed (Scipio,…

    • 872 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    After the Ionian Revolt of 499 BC, the Persians and their king Darius wanted to take control Greece. Persia wanted to extend its territory. And the Greeks had helped the Ionians to revolt against the Persians, and had marched to Sardis and burned the city. The Battle of Marathon took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, helped by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes.…

    • 330 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It was against the Persians and the Greeks. The battle took place in Artemisium. The Persians won the war. (Battle of Artemisium)…

    • 631 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC, an alliance of Greek city-states fought the invading Persian Empire at the pass of Thermopylae in central Greece. Vastly outnumbered, the Greeks held back the Persians for three days in one of history's most famous last stands. A small force led by King Leonidas of Sparta blocked the only road through which the massive army of Xerxes I could pass. After three days of battle, a local resident named Ephialtes betrayed the Greeks by revealing a mountain path that led behind the Greek lines. Dismissing the rest of the army, King Leonidas stayed behind with 300 Spartans and 700 Thespian volunteers (Number vary). The Persians succeeded in taking the pass but sustained heavy losses, extremely disproportionate to…

    • 716 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Greeks won the war against the Persians. In the war the Persians thought they could sneak attack Athens but the Greeks were waiting for them the whole time. The battle of Thermopylae was the second war. The Persians won the war against the Greeks. In the war the Greeks thought they could go in a tight spot so the Persians had to send a few soldiers in at a time.…

    • 298 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics