A Financial Analysis
Executive Summary
This paper tries to analyse the financial strength of Bayer AG and the other aspects associated with its capital structure and dividend policy. The organisation has been trying to change its financial structure to a management-driven one. This is evident from the reduction in the share capital of the organisation and the rise of debt capital, which it has been using efficiently to reduce its tax burden and control the overall cost of capital of the firm. The organisation has been paying dividends at a higher rate compared to its rivals which shows the sound financial health of the organisation.
Contents
Introduction 4
Market Risk 4
Bayer’s stock to market risk 4
Capital Structure of Bayer AG 7
Impact of Cost of Capital on Investment Decision 10
Dividend payout policy of Bayer 11
Conclusion 14
References 15
Appendices 17
Introduction
Bayer AG is a pharmaceutical organisation which was founded in Germany in the year 1863 and is famous for its Aspirin brand. The group consists of almost 350 companies on all continents employing a workforce of approximately 120,000. The activities of the Group are segregated into four business segments. It is trying to transform its organisational structure into a management holding firm. By using this technique, the organisation is attempting to achieve a more dynamic and a flexible structure (Bayer, 2002).
Market Risk
Risk can be broadly categorised in two categories, namely market risk and specific risk. Systematic risk or market risk refers to the possibility of incurring losses due to factors that impact the performance of the stock market. Market risk is a risk which cannot be eliminated with the help of diversification though it can be hedged against. Recession, political instability, and terrorist attacks are examples of market risk (Investopedia, 2012).
Bayer’s stock to market
References: Bayer (2002). Bayer AG A Corporate Profile. Available: http://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/?lid=198. Last accessed 23rd May 2013. Bayer (2012a). Bayer AG dividend yield & history - BAYN.DE. Available: http://www.dividendsranking.com/Bayer-AG-dividend-yield.html. Last accessed 22nd May 2013. Bayer (2012b). Annual Report 2012. Available: http://www.annualreport2012.bayer.com/en/value-management.aspx. Last accessed 23rd May 2013. Bayer (2013). What is trading on equity?. Available: http://www.accountingtools.com/questions-and-answers/what-is-trading-on-equity.html. Last accessed 22nd May 2013. Binsbergen, J; Graham, J; Yang, J. (2008). The Cost of Debt. Available: http://areas.kenan-flagler.unc.edu/accounting/taxcenter/taxsym/documents/mccurve012108.pdf. Last accessed 29th May 2013. Brealey, R; Myers, S. (2003). Principles of Corporate Finance. Available: http://www.bhuiyanacademyedu.com/e-books/Principles%20of%20Corporate%20Finance%20-%20BREALEY%20MYERS.pdf. Last accessed 22nd May 2013. David, I. (2010). Dividend Policy Decisions. Available: http://fisher.osu.edu/fin/faculty/BenDavid/articles/20100602_dividends_chapter.pdf. Last accessed 22nd May 2013. Felclstein, M; Green, J. (1979). WHY DO COMPANIES PAY DIVIDENDS?. Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3204679/green_companiesdividend.pdf?sequence=2. Last accessed 23rd May 2013. Gilson, S. (1991). Managing Default: Some Evidence on How Firms Choose Between Work-outs and Chapter. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance. 4 (2), 62–70. Glickman, M. (1996). Modigliani-Miller On Capital Structure: A Post-Keynesian Critique. UEL Department of Economics Working Paper. 8 (1), 1–8. Harvey, C. (1995). Capital Structure and Payout Policies. Available: http://people.duke.edu/~charvey/Classes/ba350/capstruc/capstruc.htm. Last accessed 29th May 2013. Investopedia. (2012). Market Risk. Available: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketrisk.asp. Last accessed 29th May 2013. Kennon, J. (2010). An Introduction to Capital Structure. Available: http://beginnersinvest.about.com/od/financialratio/a/capital-structure.htm. Last accessed 22nd May 2013. Litzenberger, R. (1988). Dividend Announcements Cash Flow Signalling vs Free Cash Flow Hypothesis. Journal of Financial Economics. 24 (1), 181–191. Solnik, Bruno; Boucrelle, Cyril; Le Fur, Yann. (1996). International market correlation and volatility. Financial Analysts Journal. 52, 17–34.