In the face of the actions by the revolutionaries, the British government enacted the Defence of India Act, also known as the Defence of India Regulation Act. It was an Emergency Criminal Law instituted by the Governor General of India in the year 1915. The British Government enacted it with the objective of restricting the revolutionaries and nationalist activities and endeavours and the German supported threats, during the aftermath of World War I. With the arrival of World War I, the forces of the nation were intensified. The armed revolution movement by the revolutionaries was sought to be curbed by the British Administration. The British authorities passed the Newspapers (incitement to Offences) Act and the Explosives Substances, and eventually the Indian Press Act, The Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act and the Criminal Tribes Act. The Defence of India was later applied during the First Lahore Conspiracy trial in the aftermath of the failed Ghadar Conspiracy of 1915.
These repressive measures taken by the British Government basically aimed at combatting the revolutionary activities of revolutanires like Bhagat Singh. In response to this, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association planned to explode a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly where the ordinance was going to be passed. This idea was originated in the mind of Bhagat Singh, who was influenced by a similar bombing by a martyr anarchist Auguste Vaillant in the French Assembly. Tha plan was to send Bhagat Singh off to Russia, while Batukeshwar Dutt should carry on the bombing with Sukhdev. Sukhdev then forced Bhagat Singh to call for another meeting and here it was decided, against the initial agreement, that Batukeshwar Dutt and Bhagat Singh would carry on the bombing. Bhagat Singh also disapproved that the two should be escorted after the bombing by the rest of the party.
On 8th April, 1929, two bombs were thrown in the Cenral Assembly at Delhi by Bhagat Singh