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Bhagavad Gita

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Bhagavad Gita
Managerial
Effectiveness from the Perspectives of the Bhagavad-Gita
By
Balakrishnan Muniapan
School of Business
Curtin University of Technology

Sarawak, MALAYSIA.

Abstract
Managerial effectiveness is predominately culture specific
(Sharma, 2001). This means each country and community need to develop their own system of developing managerial effectiveness. Recognizing the important of culture in management practice, this paper attempts to explore managerial effectiveness from the perspectives of the
Bhagavad-Gita. The Bhagavad-Gita is an ancient Indian spiritual and philosophical text and is more than 5000 years old. Chinmayananda (2003) asserted that from time to time an ancient philosophy needs intelligent re-interpretation to apply effectively in the context of modern times. Based on text and content analysis of selected verses from the
Bhagavad-Gita, some relevance of the Bhagavad-Gita in the development of managerial effectiveness is explored in this paper. Introduction (1)
People, today is exploring philosophy, transpersonal psychology, meditation, Yoga, Vedanta, Buddhism,
Taoism, and many other spiritual schools of thought.
There has also been an increasing interest in integrating spirituality and management as the numbers of articles on spirituality in management journals are increasing (Kale and Shrivastava, 2003).
One of the ancient Indian spiritual text is the
Bhagavad-Gita or the “Song of the Lord” , which provides the essence of the Vedas, which was delivered by Sri Krishna to Arjuna more than 50 centuries ago in Kurukshestra, India.

Introduction (2)
The background for the Bhagavad-Gita is the epic
Mahabharata. The Mahabharata was composed by Sri Vyasa
Muni (son of Parasara Muni) and was written by Sri Ganesa more than 5000 years ago and it has 110,000 verses.
The Bhagavad-Gita appears in 700 verses (of which 575 are uttered by Sri Krishna) in Bhisma Parva of the Mahabharata and consists of 18

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