Bhutanese Refugee in Nepal
A STUDY ON
Bhutanese Refugee in Nepal
M.Sc. Part - 2 Examination Paper - 9 and 10
Human Rights Department University of Calcutta
Name: Rupak Ghosh Roll __91/HRT___ No.___050011___ Registration Number: 011543 of 2000 - 2001
Acknowledgements
It would not have been possible for me to carry out out this study without the encouragement and assistance of my friends. I owe a large measure of gratitude to the people of the refugee community. I am thankful to the Mr. D.P. Kafley and other Bhutanese Refugee leaders for their warm hospitality and assistance. I am extremely grateful to Prof. B Choudhury, Prof Isita Mukherjee and Prof. Manik Chakrabarty for their kind support and guidance.
Rupak Ghosh i Preface
Bhutan is a tiny mountain kingdom perched in the eastern Himalayas with an area of approximately 47,000 sq. km. Landlocked; the country is bordered by the Tibet autonomous region of China to the north and by India to the south, east and west. The Drukpas, or Ngalongs of Tibetan Mongoloid origin, inhabit the northwest part of the country. they form about 16–20% of the population and speak Dzongkha, an offshoot of Tibetan. Sharchhokps of Indo-Burmese stocks predominate in the eastern region and constitute about 30– 35% of the population and speak Sharchhopkha. Nepali speaking people of Indo-Aryan origin lives in southern Bhutan and form about 40 – 45% of the population. Bhutan is ruled under an absolute and hereditary monarchy established, with British involvement in 1907. The king is both head of state and head of government. There is no written constitution or bill of rights. The popular demand for political reform, human rights and democracy to replace the current absolute monarchy began after the withdrawal of right to nationality from a large section of the southern population by implementing the Citizenship act of 1985 through a national census in 1988. People’s resentment and anger finally exploded in the form of peaceful protests and rallies
Bhutanese Refugee in Nepal
M.Sc. Part - 2 Examination Paper - 9 and 10
Human Rights Department University of Calcutta
Name: Rupak Ghosh Roll __91/HRT___ No.___050011___ Registration Number: 011543 of 2000 - 2001
Acknowledgements
It would not have been possible for me to carry out out this study without the encouragement and assistance of my friends. I owe a large measure of gratitude to the people of the refugee community. I am thankful to the Mr. D.P. Kafley and other Bhutanese Refugee leaders for their warm hospitality and assistance. I am extremely grateful to Prof. B Choudhury, Prof Isita Mukherjee and Prof. Manik Chakrabarty for their kind support and guidance.
Rupak Ghosh i Preface
Bhutan is a tiny mountain kingdom perched in the eastern Himalayas with an area of approximately 47,000 sq. km. Landlocked; the country is bordered by the Tibet autonomous region of China to the north and by India to the south, east and west. The Drukpas, or Ngalongs of Tibetan Mongoloid origin, inhabit the northwest part of the country. they form about 16–20% of the population and speak Dzongkha, an offshoot of Tibetan. Sharchhokps of Indo-Burmese stocks predominate in the eastern region and constitute about 30– 35% of the population and speak Sharchhopkha. Nepali speaking people of Indo-Aryan origin lives in southern Bhutan and form about 40 – 45% of the population. Bhutan is ruled under an absolute and hereditary monarchy established, with British involvement in 1907. The king is both head of state and head of government. There is no written constitution or bill of rights. The popular demand for political reform, human rights and democracy to replace the current absolute monarchy began after the withdrawal of right to nationality from a large section of the southern population by implementing the Citizenship act of 1985 through a national census in 1988. People’s resentment and anger finally exploded in the form of peaceful protests and rallies
Bibliography: • The Korean War (1950–53) and the Chinese take-over of Tibet (1959) both caused the displacement of more than 1 million refugees.