Bio 100 Final Review
Biology – living organisms
Scientific Method – making observations, proposing ideas about how something works, testing ideas, discarding or modifying -allows us to solve problems and answer questions efficiently and effectively.
-Ideas about “how things work” = hypothesis. -proposed explanation for one or more observations -scientific hypothesis MUST be testable -must be falsifiable (observations could prove false)
Observations Question Hypothesis = imagination, intuition, chance, logic, experience, previous scientific results, scientific theory.
Scientific Theory – explanation for a set of related observations that is based on well supported hypothesis from several different independent research.
Inductive Reasoning – combining a series of specific observations to discern a general principle.
Deductive Reasoning – using a general principle to predict an expected observation.
Prediction – result we expect from a hypothesis test.
Experimental Method – set of actions or observations designed to test specific hypothesis. -Data: information collected during hypothesis -data are collected on the variables
Independent Variable – CAN be changed to measure to effect on a Dependent Variable – CANNOT CHANGE. (depends on what is being effected)
Controlled Experiments –
NOT exposed to experimental treatment. designed to eliminate as many alternative hypothesis as possible.
*controlled groups and experimental groups MUST be as similar as possible to each other to eliminate alternative hypothesis.
*an effective way to minimize differences between groups is random assignment -treat all subjects identically
Failed Hypothesis – Rejected
Passes Hypothesis – supported, but not proven
Correlation – relationship between 2 variables X axis = independent Y axis = dependent
Primary Source – written by researchers
Secondary Source – books, news reports, advertisements
Anecdotal Evidence – advice based on an
Scientific Method – making observations, proposing ideas about how something works, testing ideas, discarding or modifying -allows us to solve problems and answer questions efficiently and effectively.
-Ideas about “how things work” = hypothesis. -proposed explanation for one or more observations -scientific hypothesis MUST be testable -must be falsifiable (observations could prove false)
Observations Question Hypothesis = imagination, intuition, chance, logic, experience, previous scientific results, scientific theory.
Scientific Theory – explanation for a set of related observations that is based on well supported hypothesis from several different independent research.
Inductive Reasoning – combining a series of specific observations to discern a general principle.
Deductive Reasoning – using a general principle to predict an expected observation.
Prediction – result we expect from a hypothesis test.
Experimental Method – set of actions or observations designed to test specific hypothesis. -Data: information collected during hypothesis -data are collected on the variables
Independent Variable – CAN be changed to measure to effect on a Dependent Variable – CANNOT CHANGE. (depends on what is being effected)
Controlled Experiments –
NOT exposed to experimental treatment. designed to eliminate as many alternative hypothesis as possible.
*controlled groups and experimental groups MUST be as similar as possible to each other to eliminate alternative hypothesis.
*an effective way to minimize differences between groups is random assignment -treat all subjects identically
Failed Hypothesis – Rejected
Passes Hypothesis – supported, but not proven
Correlation – relationship between 2 variables X axis = independent Y axis = dependent
Primary Source – written by researchers
Secondary Source – books, news reports, advertisements
Anecdotal Evidence – advice based on an