BIO INTERNAL
1Achievement Standard Biology 91155
Demonstrate understanding of adaptation of plants or animals to their way of life
Biology 2.3A
3 credits
All animals including insects, fish, and mammals have adaptations in some form of internal transport that allow them to carry out their way of life. Adaptations such as the different structures of the transport of nutrients and wastes, the gas exchanges, and the support and movement of the animal all take part in how each of the different animals operate to carry out their way of life. Gas exchange is simply the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. Further on in this written report will explain how the different animals respire and how the animals use their environment to their advantage.
Insects have spiracles on their exoskeletons to allow air (oxygen) to enter the trachea. This is a structural adaptation. The spiracles are located laterally along the thorax and abdomen of most insects and distributed normally one spiracle to one section. In the respiratory system of insects the tracheal tubes primarily deliver oxygen directly into the animals tissues via diffusion. The spiracles can be opened and closed in an efficient manner to reduce water or moisture loss. This enables the insects to live successfully on land, particularly in dry habitats. This is an advantage to insects as they can control the amount of moisture they let out or let in. For example if the insect lived in a dry habitat or season the insect would want to conserve all the possible moisture they can to stay alive, whereas in the wet seasons they insects would want to open up their spiracles to lose as much moisture as possible. To close the spiracle the surrounding muscles contract, and to open up the spiracles the muscles must then relax. Lining the spiracles are small hairs to trap dirt and dust therefore preventing them from entering and blocking up the fine tubes in the tracheal system. The advantage of having spiracles is that
Demonstrate understanding of adaptation of plants or animals to their way of life
Biology 2.3A
3 credits
All animals including insects, fish, and mammals have adaptations in some form of internal transport that allow them to carry out their way of life. Adaptations such as the different structures of the transport of nutrients and wastes, the gas exchanges, and the support and movement of the animal all take part in how each of the different animals operate to carry out their way of life. Gas exchange is simply the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. Further on in this written report will explain how the different animals respire and how the animals use their environment to their advantage.
Insects have spiracles on their exoskeletons to allow air (oxygen) to enter the trachea. This is a structural adaptation. The spiracles are located laterally along the thorax and abdomen of most insects and distributed normally one spiracle to one section. In the respiratory system of insects the tracheal tubes primarily deliver oxygen directly into the animals tissues via diffusion. The spiracles can be opened and closed in an efficient manner to reduce water or moisture loss. This enables the insects to live successfully on land, particularly in dry habitats. This is an advantage to insects as they can control the amount of moisture they let out or let in. For example if the insect lived in a dry habitat or season the insect would want to conserve all the possible moisture they can to stay alive, whereas in the wet seasons they insects would want to open up their spiracles to lose as much moisture as possible. To close the spiracle the surrounding muscles contract, and to open up the spiracles the muscles must then relax. Lining the spiracles are small hairs to trap dirt and dust therefore preventing them from entering and blocking up the fine tubes in the tracheal system. The advantage of having spiracles is that