Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Eukaryotic Cells
(animal cells) * Nucleus * Organelle
Mitochondria: “power house”
Where energy (ATP) produced and stored
Prokaryotic Cells
(plant cells) * Cell wall * Chlorophyll * Cytoplasts: where photosynthesis occurs
General Equations:-
Photosynthesis: * 6CO2(g) + 6H20(l) +E(solar) -> C6H1206(glucose) + 602(g)
Respiration: * C6H1206 + 602(g) -> 6CO2(g) + 6H20(l) + E
Metabolism: * Thyroxin: A hormone that controls the bodies metabolic rate, released by the thyroic gland. If lack of I2, the gland cant release thyroxin and will swell forming a ‘goiter’
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): * A molecule that transmits energy in the cells of living things * It is acted like a belt connecting an electric motor to a pump * It provides energy to muscles for moving the body * In living cells, ATP is the energy carrier between the spontaneous reactions that relax energy and the nonspontaneous reactions use energy
Structure of ATP
…….
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) * ADP condenses with an inorganic phosphate group to become ATP and forms H2O
Phosphorylation * ADP + inorganic phosphate -> ATP + H2O * The formation of ATP effectively captures energy produced by the oxidation reactants in living cells * Every mole of ATP produced by the phosphorylation of ADP stores about 30.5 KJ of energy * Cells use this released energy to drive processes that are nonspontaneous * ATP captures energy from one process and transmits it to another
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration: * Respiration: cells obtain energy by using glucose through the process known as repiration * Aerobic respiration: Produces the most energy and requires 02 to oxidise glucose
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Redox reaction
Change in heat = -2860 KJ/ mol
Change in heat = -2860 KJ/ mol
* Anaerobic respiration: In humans- occurs in muscles and produces lactic acid
C6H12O6 ->
Eukaryotic Cells
(animal cells) * Nucleus * Organelle
Mitochondria: “power house”
Where energy (ATP) produced and stored
Prokaryotic Cells
(plant cells) * Cell wall * Chlorophyll * Cytoplasts: where photosynthesis occurs
General Equations:-
Photosynthesis: * 6CO2(g) + 6H20(l) +E(solar) -> C6H1206(glucose) + 602(g)
Respiration: * C6H1206 + 602(g) -> 6CO2(g) + 6H20(l) + E
Metabolism: * Thyroxin: A hormone that controls the bodies metabolic rate, released by the thyroic gland. If lack of I2, the gland cant release thyroxin and will swell forming a ‘goiter’
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): * A molecule that transmits energy in the cells of living things * It is acted like a belt connecting an electric motor to a pump * It provides energy to muscles for moving the body * In living cells, ATP is the energy carrier between the spontaneous reactions that relax energy and the nonspontaneous reactions use energy
Structure of ATP
…….
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) * ADP condenses with an inorganic phosphate group to become ATP and forms H2O
Phosphorylation * ADP + inorganic phosphate -> ATP + H2O * The formation of ATP effectively captures energy produced by the oxidation reactants in living cells * Every mole of ATP produced by the phosphorylation of ADP stores about 30.5 KJ of energy * Cells use this released energy to drive processes that are nonspontaneous * ATP captures energy from one process and transmits it to another
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration: * Respiration: cells obtain energy by using glucose through the process known as repiration * Aerobic respiration: Produces the most energy and requires 02 to oxidise glucose
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Redox reaction
Change in heat = -2860 KJ/ mol
Change in heat = -2860 KJ/ mol
* Anaerobic respiration: In humans- occurs in muscles and produces lactic acid
C6H12O6 ->