Territoriality - behavior of animals that enables individuals to occupy and dominate an area. Territory is an area where one or more individuals defend the area. Thus the two are interpedently interacting with each other to defend the area.…
The biological model compares abnormal behaviour with a disease. It assumes that all mental illnesses have a physiological cause related to the physical structure and brain. Doctors diagnose mental illness using well-established criteria. Psychiatrists also use diagnostic manuals for mental illness and compare symptoms with set classifications of illnesses. According to the biological model, mental illness is caused by one or more of the following factors; genetic inheritance, bio-chemistry and infection. The reason why genetic inheritance could be a possible cause for mental illness is due to the assumption that people have a genetic disposition to certain psychological disorders. For example, Kendler et al found relatives of schizophrenics were 18 times more likely to develop the illness than a matched control group. Bio-chemistry is also a factor that is considered as it is thought that chemical imbalances in the brain may be involved in certain mental illnesses. Neurotransmitters play an important part in behaviour. For example, an excess of dopamine has been detected in the brains of schizophrenics. This finding, however, has been assumed due to correlation which does not prove cause and effect. Infection is also thought to be a factor which could potentially cause mental illness as research suggests that some mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, may be related to exposure to certain viruses in the womb. For example, Torrey found that the mothers of many people with schizophrenia had contracted a particular strain of influenza during pregnancy. It is supposed that the virus may have entered the unborn child’s brain and remained dormant there until puberty, when other hormones may have activated it.…
There are many different ways that someone can develop a mental illness behaviourist and biological are just two of them. The behaviourist model suggests that abnormal behaviours are learnt in the same way that any other behaviour is learnt-though classical and operant conditioning. Operant conditioning suggests that people learn from consequences of actions through positive and negative reinforcement –meaning learning through a consequence of an action either a consequence that is positive (have a good outcome) or negative (the removal of something bad). There are many different examples that support the view of operant conditioning these include.…
The concept that nurture has a direct affect on the process of development was first conceived in the 1690 's by John Locke, which this was then contested in 1869 by a man named Francis Galton who believed that nature alone influenced the process of development. The current consensus within the scientific community is that there is a mixture of both genetic and environmental factors that contribute to mental illness. The real controversy lies with which of the two are more prominent in an individuals developmental process and at what point the two intertwine.…
Genes are another aspect to the biological model. Mental illnesses are sometimes thought to be genetic passing from parent to their offspring. This has been instigated using twin whilst studying schizophrenia. The results came back as…
The approach suggesting that psychological disorders are illnesses that have underlying biological causes is called the:medical model…
The Biomedical model of Mental Illness states that metal illness is caused by either a physical problem with the brain, for example that some schizophrenic patients have parts of there hippocampus missing. Genetics, meaning that you inherit a genetic pre-disposition to depression or some other mental illness as someone in your close family had that mental illness, or down to neurotransmitter (serotonin, dopamine...) imbalances in your brain leading to mental illnesses such as depression (low serotonin levels).…
Biological and medical frameworks (sometimes referred to as the disease model) view psychological problems as resulting, in the main, from physical causes such as brain defects, hereditary factors or as the results of accidents or injury.…
Module 7.2: a) Initial objectives for motivating operations; b) objectives for procedures used in the development of stimulus control (there is overlap between 7.1 and 7.2 in this regard)…
In special education it is vital to have an understanding of human behavior and how it relates to learning disabilities. It is imperative to have a grasp of the concepts of the models and how it relates to the educators of tomorrow. (Wheeler, John J., Richey, David Dean, 2010) Understanding models of behavior also helps to have a more cohesive and positive classroom.…
7. Arousal Theory: helps explain motivation for behaviors that reduce immediate physiological needs or tension states…
There are several approaches in psychology which attempt to explain mental disorders. The biological approach sees a mental disorder as a medical problem, it assumes mental illness to have a physical cause and the treatment offered is physical. Behavioural approach emphasise learned behaviour, its treatment is based on conditioning principles. New adaptive behaviours are learned. Other approaches which propose causes of mental disorders as psychological are psychodynamic and cognitive approaches. Each approach has its strengths and weaknesses.…
Psychodynamic perspective presents the unconscious mind, a hidden abyss churning within us, that houses unknown forces and conflicts which influence our behavior. We supposedly hold little to no control over such powerful urges. From the first breath taken as newborns, humans possess sinful natures and desires within themselves, “The heart is more deceitful than all else and is desperately sick; who can understand it? (Jeremiah 17:9)” However, contrary to the psychodynamic…
Mental health is by nature and not by nurture. The mental health of a person is linked to his gene and hereditary. A person with no mental illness ancestry does not easily encounter depression or other illness in adverse situations. On the other hand, a person having a parent with mental illness has a considerable chance of getting mentally ill. A person having a mutated gene in his DNA can get mental health problems easier than normal people. Nurturing adds to problem for a person with genetics prone for mental disorder .According to ( Trimarchi,2012) “Having just one blood relative with a mental health problem does increase your risk of having one, too”. So mental illness is more due to nature rather than nurture.…
In this case the psychopathology is a disorder which can impair or affect the functioning of a person’s mind overall. When it comes to psychopathology it can influence how an individual behaves in real life experiences and situations. This is due to the fact that there is a very close connection between a person’s body and their mind. Biological factors consist of a person’s genetic makeup that can be passed from generation to generation. The genes that a parent passes down to their child can carry genetic makeup of a disorder which can develop in the child later on in life. Environmental factors can also play a role in the development of psychopathological disorders and entail life events such as physical traumas that can occur at any time in a person’s life. Injuries to an individual’s mind caused by accidents can cause a person to develop different diseases or disorders in life. Psychological factors are the final factors which can contribute to the development of psychopathological disorders in an…