Biology Fall 2011-2012 Exam Review
Biology Fall 2011-2012 Exam Review
[pic][pic]
The graphs above show the results of two separate experiments on the same species of plant. Students now want to determine how the use of rainwater or bottled water affects the growth of this plant. Which conditions should be used for optimal growth as the two water types are tested?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows a setup for a plant investigation. Which variable is most likely being tested?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The graph above shows the birth rate and death rate for a population during the 1900’s. From 1900 to 2000, what has happened to the population?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A student hypothesizes that green algae will grow fastest when exposed to blue light. To test this hypothesis, the student should design an experiment with which independent variable?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
As part of an experiment to measure decomposition rates of different materials, students put food scraps from the cafeteria to compost bin A and leaves and grass clippings in compost bin B. Students in first period measured the temperature in bin A, and the students in sixth period measured the temperature in compost bin B. What is the greatest source of error in the students’ experimental design?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
A student constructs several terrariums like the one shown. Each terrarium is exposed to a different amount of sunlight each day. In order to determine the ideal amount of sunlight, which of the variables should be held constant?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Two students were testing the amount of fertilizer that would best promote the growth of strawberries in a garden. List variables you would not be able to control within the experiment:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A scientist develops a hypothesis, designs and experiment and obtains data that supports her hypothesis. When would his hypothesis become a theory?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a pond, the primary producer is a green alga, Spyrogyra; the primary consumer is the crustacean, Daphnia; the secondary consumer is a small fish, the bluegill; and the tertiary consumer is a larger fish, the smallmouth bass. What changes can be expected in the pond if the Daphnia are killed with pesticides?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Scientists found that, over a period of 200 years, a mountain pond was transformed into a meadow. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities of organisms. Why were the original communities of organisms be replaced by new communities of organisms?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
According to the carbon cycle, complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increased so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grasses --> Crickets --> Field Mice --> Hawks
For the food chain shown, the elimination of which organism would have the most severe consequences?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Virginia’s Great Dismal Swamp is largely a red maple forest. Previously, there were more bald cypress and white cedar trees in the area. Tree cutting, extensive draining, and the prevention of natural forest fires have changed the balance of the tree species. What has been altered in this process?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The food chain above can be found in the coastal waters of Virginia. The population of which organisms in the food chain would be the first to decline if commercial fishing over-harvested shrimp?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Of the following organisms, clams, sardines, kelp and sharks, which would most likely be found at the top of the energy pyramid?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic][pic][pic][pic]
When Mount St. Helens volcano erupted, the blast covered much of the surrounding area with ash. Based on the diagram above, put the pictures above in the correct order showing the sequence of secondary succession that followed the eruption.
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List three natural events that could alter an ecosystem-
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which organisms are most helpful in preventing Earth from being covered with the bodies of dead organisms?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Of the following organisms, giant squid, sand shark, green algae, and sea cucumbers, which would most likely be found at the bottom of a biomass pyramid?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A species of finch has been studied on one of the geographically isolated Galapagos Islands for many years. Since the island is small, the lineage of every bird for several generations is known. This allows a family tree of each bird to be developed. Some family groups have survived and others have died out. Why have some of the populations survived?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The eastern meadowlark and the western meadowlark are two closely related bird species. The two species avoid interbreeding because they have different mating songs. This is an example of what type of isolation?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A population of termites initially consists of darkly colored members. After several generations, the termite population consists almost entirely of darkly colored members because the brightly colored termites are easier for predatory species of insectivores to locate. The situation is an example of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fossil evidence suggests that a number of members of one species from an ancient lake in Death Valley, California, became several isolated species. Each of these new species lived in a different pond. This is an example of what type of isolation?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
According to the fossil record, trilobites probably lived in what ancient environment?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bacteria adapt more quickly than elephants to environmental changes. Why?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Earth has undergone some catastrophic changes from time to time. Explain why life on Earth has continued:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
According to the chart above, which group demonstrated the greatest biodiversity during the cretaceous period?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The information in the table above supports which two organisms are most closely related??
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If a paleontologist finds fossils of many different species existing in the same area at approximately the same time, the paleontologist can conclude that the ecosystem in this area had a high degree of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The different species of Hawaiian honeycreepers shown all descended from a single species of North American bird. They now have different beaks, eat different foods and sing different songs, and live in different environments on the islands. Which factor probably contributed most to the development of these different species?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fungi obtain nutrients by-Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Methanogens, thermophiles, and halophiles are some of the most primitive life-forms on Earth and thrive in very harsh environments. These unicellular, prokaryotic organisms most likely belong to which kingdom?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loriciferans are microscopic animals that live in various marine sediments. Scientists have discovered genera of Loriciferans in a deep sea habitat that lacks oxygen. Before this discovery, some prokaryotes and some unicellular eukaryotes were known to inhabit anaerobic environments.
Scientists determined that the organisms of the genus Spinoloricus were eukaryotes and not prokaryotes because Spinoloricus cells have- Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
Based on the classification scheme, what is the least inclusive level of classification that the European otter and the leopard have in common? Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows a model of species divergence among primates. If this model is correct, the greatest genetic differences in would be found in the DNA sequences of which two species?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows an enzyme-substrate complex. Which is represented by Structure X?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base are the building blocks for which organic compound?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Overheating an enzyme results in the enzyme’s loss of -
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What will happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are many different enzymes located in the cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specific enzyme able to catalyze a specific reaction?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
An iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. Within seconds, a blue-black color appears. What is occurring?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Snake venoms are harmful because they contain enzymes that destroy blood cells or tissues. The damage caused by a snakebite could best be slowed by
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maltose can be broken down into glucose by the enzyme maltase. How could you slow the reaction rate?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which subunit makes up a protein molecule?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What causes tomatoes to ripen (an enzyme dependent reaction) much more slowly in a refrigerator then they do left on a table at room temperature?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. What do proteins and complex carbohydrates have in common?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a typical animal cell, which component contains the greatest amount of water?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Under a microscope, a series of cells are observed that lack membrane bound internal organelles. What type of cell is this?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why does injecting a person with a killed-bacteria vaccine can protect that individual from a disease?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why does a virus require a host cell?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering this membrane is called
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The plasma membrane of a cell consists of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic] complete this concept map:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why do individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia infection that is rare in the rest of the population?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A student observes that a type of Eubacteria contains chlorophyll. Which of these does this type of bacteria have in common with plants?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List the parts of the cell theory as it is stated today?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above represents a cell. Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water and the swelling decreases. What has occurred?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole.
If the paramecium is then placed in a hypertonic environment, What will occur?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic][pic]
The graphs above show the results of two separate experiments on the same species of plant. Students now want to determine how the use of rainwater or bottled water affects the growth of this plant. Which conditions should be used for optimal growth as the two water types are tested?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows a setup for a plant investigation. Which variable is most likely being tested?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The graph above shows the birth rate and death rate for a population during the 1900’s. From 1900 to 2000, what has happened to the population?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A student hypothesizes that green algae will grow fastest when exposed to blue light. To test this hypothesis, the student should design an experiment with which independent variable?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
As part of an experiment to measure decomposition rates of different materials, students put food scraps from the cafeteria to compost bin A and leaves and grass clippings in compost bin B. Students in first period measured the temperature in bin A, and the students in sixth period measured the temperature in compost bin B. What is the greatest source of error in the students’ experimental design?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
A student constructs several terrariums like the one shown. Each terrarium is exposed to a different amount of sunlight each day. In order to determine the ideal amount of sunlight, which of the variables should be held constant?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Two students were testing the amount of fertilizer that would best promote the growth of strawberries in a garden. List variables you would not be able to control within the experiment:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A scientist develops a hypothesis, designs and experiment and obtains data that supports her hypothesis. When would his hypothesis become a theory?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a pond, the primary producer is a green alga, Spyrogyra; the primary consumer is the crustacean, Daphnia; the secondary consumer is a small fish, the bluegill; and the tertiary consumer is a larger fish, the smallmouth bass. What changes can be expected in the pond if the Daphnia are killed with pesticides?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Scientists found that, over a period of 200 years, a mountain pond was transformed into a meadow. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities of organisms. Why were the original communities of organisms be replaced by new communities of organisms?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
According to the carbon cycle, complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increased so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grasses --> Crickets --> Field Mice --> Hawks
For the food chain shown, the elimination of which organism would have the most severe consequences?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Virginia’s Great Dismal Swamp is largely a red maple forest. Previously, there were more bald cypress and white cedar trees in the area. Tree cutting, extensive draining, and the prevention of natural forest fires have changed the balance of the tree species. What has been altered in this process?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The food chain above can be found in the coastal waters of Virginia. The population of which organisms in the food chain would be the first to decline if commercial fishing over-harvested shrimp?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Of the following organisms, clams, sardines, kelp and sharks, which would most likely be found at the top of the energy pyramid?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic][pic][pic][pic]
When Mount St. Helens volcano erupted, the blast covered much of the surrounding area with ash. Based on the diagram above, put the pictures above in the correct order showing the sequence of secondary succession that followed the eruption.
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List three natural events that could alter an ecosystem-
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which organisms are most helpful in preventing Earth from being covered with the bodies of dead organisms?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Of the following organisms, giant squid, sand shark, green algae, and sea cucumbers, which would most likely be found at the bottom of a biomass pyramid?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A species of finch has been studied on one of the geographically isolated Galapagos Islands for many years. Since the island is small, the lineage of every bird for several generations is known. This allows a family tree of each bird to be developed. Some family groups have survived and others have died out. Why have some of the populations survived?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The eastern meadowlark and the western meadowlark are two closely related bird species. The two species avoid interbreeding because they have different mating songs. This is an example of what type of isolation?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A population of termites initially consists of darkly colored members. After several generations, the termite population consists almost entirely of darkly colored members because the brightly colored termites are easier for predatory species of insectivores to locate. The situation is an example of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fossil evidence suggests that a number of members of one species from an ancient lake in Death Valley, California, became several isolated species. Each of these new species lived in a different pond. This is an example of what type of isolation?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
According to the fossil record, trilobites probably lived in what ancient environment?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bacteria adapt more quickly than elephants to environmental changes. Why?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Earth has undergone some catastrophic changes from time to time. Explain why life on Earth has continued:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
According to the chart above, which group demonstrated the greatest biodiversity during the cretaceous period?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The information in the table above supports which two organisms are most closely related??
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If a paleontologist finds fossils of many different species existing in the same area at approximately the same time, the paleontologist can conclude that the ecosystem in this area had a high degree of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The different species of Hawaiian honeycreepers shown all descended from a single species of North American bird. They now have different beaks, eat different foods and sing different songs, and live in different environments on the islands. Which factor probably contributed most to the development of these different species?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fungi obtain nutrients by-Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Methanogens, thermophiles, and halophiles are some of the most primitive life-forms on Earth and thrive in very harsh environments. These unicellular, prokaryotic organisms most likely belong to which kingdom?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loriciferans are microscopic animals that live in various marine sediments. Scientists have discovered genera of Loriciferans in a deep sea habitat that lacks oxygen. Before this discovery, some prokaryotes and some unicellular eukaryotes were known to inhabit anaerobic environments.
Scientists determined that the organisms of the genus Spinoloricus were eukaryotes and not prokaryotes because Spinoloricus cells have- Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
Based on the classification scheme, what is the least inclusive level of classification that the European otter and the leopard have in common? Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows a model of species divergence among primates. If this model is correct, the greatest genetic differences in would be found in the DNA sequences of which two species?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows an enzyme-substrate complex. Which is represented by Structure X?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base are the building blocks for which organic compound?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Overheating an enzyme results in the enzyme’s loss of -
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What will happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are many different enzymes located in the cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specific enzyme able to catalyze a specific reaction?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
An iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. Within seconds, a blue-black color appears. What is occurring?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Snake venoms are harmful because they contain enzymes that destroy blood cells or tissues. The damage caused by a snakebite could best be slowed by
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maltose can be broken down into glucose by the enzyme maltase. How could you slow the reaction rate?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which subunit makes up a protein molecule?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What causes tomatoes to ripen (an enzyme dependent reaction) much more slowly in a refrigerator then they do left on a table at room temperature?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. What do proteins and complex carbohydrates have in common?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a typical animal cell, which component contains the greatest amount of water?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Under a microscope, a series of cells are observed that lack membrane bound internal organelles. What type of cell is this?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why does injecting a person with a killed-bacteria vaccine can protect that individual from a disease?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why does a virus require a host cell?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering this membrane is called
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The plasma membrane of a cell consists of
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic] complete this concept map:
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why do individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia infection that is rare in the rest of the population?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A student observes that a type of Eubacteria contains chlorophyll. Which of these does this type of bacteria have in common with plants?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
List the parts of the cell theory as it is stated today?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above represents a cell. Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water and the swelling decreases. What has occurred?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[pic]
The diagram above shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole.
If the paramecium is then placed in a hypertonic environment, What will occur?
Answer:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
WHY?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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